Cattlemen's Day, 1978

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https://hdl.handle.net/2097/6641

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Open Access
The concept of adjusting energy level in maintenance rations for cold weather
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Ames, D.R.
Nutrient requirements for domestic animals (NRC) published by the National Research Council are the best estimates available. For beef cattle, specific tables are listed for animals of different weights and for various stages of the production cycle. Although these values are useful for many situations, there are instances when they should be adjusted. One needed adjustment is energy requirement for maintenance when cattle are exposed to cold and rate of heat production must increase to compensate for increased heat loss. The two factors that determine the rate of heat loss are: (1) the differences between body temperature and environmental temperature, and (2) the amount of insulation provided by fat, hide, and hair.
Open Access
Predicting cattle performance from mathematical models
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Brent, B.E.; Chestnut, A.; George, P.
Tables based on a mathematical model are presented that allow cost of gains by steers at various weights to be calculated. An example illustrate how to use the tables to help with economic decisions.
Open Access
Carcass characteristics, palatability, and shelf life on beef finished on selected feeding regimes
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Allen, Dell M.; Hunt, Melvin C.; Kropf, Donald H.; Chen, V.; Corte, O.; Gutowski, G.H.; Harrison, A.R.; Kuntapanit, C.; Thomas, J.D.; McCurry (Smith), M.E.; Kastner, Curtis L.; ckastner
This report terminates a 3-year study and includes data from this past year. Previous results were reported in the 1976 and ’77 Cattlemen’s Day Report.
Open Access
Effects on carcass traits of beef ration energy level and length of feeding
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Allen, Dell M.; Hunt, Melvin C.; Kropf, Donald H.; Harrison, A.R.; Brent, B.E.; Riley, Jack G.; Kastner, Curtis L.; ckastner
We used 150 Angus yearling steers of similar background from the Livestock and Meat Industry Council cattle-flow project. Each was assigned to one of the 12 treatments (10 per treatment) involving low-, medium-, and high-energy rations (calculation to supply 34, 45, and 58 megacalories per 100 lbs. ration for net energy of production). Times on rations were 56, 91, 119, 147, and 175 days. Ten steers were fed a submaintenance ration of prairie hay 28 days before slaughter, and 10 served as controls (slaughtered when study started).
Open Access
Effects of soybean oil and corn oil alone or in combination with Rumensin®, on methane and VFA production, in vitro
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Riley, Jack G.; Newby, S.L.
Soybean oil or corn oil when fed at 0, 2, 4, or 6% of the ration did not significantly reduce methane production or alter the ratios of volatile fatty acids. Soybean oil was superior to corn oil in reducing methane, and soybean oil, produced a more desirable acetate:propionate ratio. Rumensin was compared at levels simulating 0, 15, and 30 grams per ton of complete ration. Rumensin at either concentration significantly reduced methane and significantly improved the acetate:propionate ratio.
Open Access
Effect of Ronnel® on performance of feedlot steers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Riley, Jack G.; Tobyne, D.
We used 180 yearling Hereford and Angus x Hereford crossbred steers averaging 643 pounds in a 139-day, feedlot trial to evaluate steer performance when the systemic grub control pesticide Ronnel was fed at 5 levels; 1, 16, 32, 64 and 128 grams per ton of complete feed. Runnel increased daily feed intake an average of 2.5%; 64 grams/ton produced gains 8.5% faster and 5.8% more efficiently than the controls (0 Ronnel) and was the most beneficial dose. No significant differences were observed in carcass traits. This product is presently not cleared for use in feedlot cattle.
Open Access
Effect of Aureomycin and Rumensin on performance of finishing heifers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Riley, Jack G.; Pope, Ronald V.; rvpope
We used 210 yearling Hereford heifers to evaluate the efficacy of Aureomycin and Rumensin fed alone and in combination. Each product is cleared by the FDA for use in feedlot rations as an individual feed additive, however, additional clearance must be obtained to use the two products in combination in the same ration. Aureomycin effectively controlled live abscessed, and Rumensin improve feed efficiency by 8.7%.
Open Access
Feeding cull beef cows in feedlots
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Riley, Jack G.
I conducted two trails during 1977 using 115 cows culled from KSU cow herds. Dry cows on lush brome grass gained 1.5 pounds per head per day. Those on a 60% concentrate ration average 2.2 pounds/day; those on 80% concentrate ration, 3.7 pounds/hd/day. The cull, dry cows ate between 23 and 30 pounds of dry matter/day. Cows fed during the Dec. 15-Feb. 15 trial required 2.5 lbs. more dry matter per pound of gain than cows fed during the May 17-June 21 trial. Fastest and most efficient gains were from the 80% concentrate rations. Length of feeding period should coincide with optimum slaughter weight. Results of these trials showed optimum slaughter weight was obtained when a cow weight 22 pounds per inch of height at the withers.
Open Access
Utilizing wheat straw and wheat tailings with beef cows
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Peverley, B.; Corah, L.; McKee, M.
Ninety-one Simmental-Hereford and Hereford cows in early gestation were used to compare three rations in a 106-day trial: (1) wheat straw, (2) wheat tailings, and (3) soaked wheat straw. Each was fed to groups of lactation and nonlactating cows. Cows fed the soaked wheat straw and those fed wheat tailings out-gained those on wheat straw by 28 and 16.7 pounds, respectively. All cows’ condition score decreased during the trial period. Two-year-old heifers did not perform as well as the mature cows on the straw rations. Dry cows out-gained the lactating cows on both straw and tailing rations.
Open Access
Sudangrass, sorghum-sudan, forage sorghum, and corn silages and three protein levels for growing yearling steers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-04) Thompson, W.; Oltjen, J.; Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.; Riley, Jack G.
Sudangrass, sorghum-sudan, forage sorghum, and corn silages were full-fed to yearling steers for 70-or 91-day growing periods. For both periods, steers fed corn silage outperformed steers fed any other silage. In the 70-day period silages from both sudangrass and sorghum-sudan cut at 45- and 60-inch plant heights, respectively, supported performance similar to forage sorghum silage. For both periods steers fed sorghum-sudan (dough) silage gained slowest and least efficiently. For the 91-day period, rations containing 12.0% crude protein supported better performance than rations containing 10.5 or 9% protein and 10.5% protein rations supported better performance than 9% protein rations.
Open Access
Protein supplementation for cows wintered on milo stubble
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) McKee, M.; Kimole, K.; Corah, L.R.
Cows in mid-to-late gestation gained significantly (P<.05) more while grazing milo stover supplemented on alternative days with 4 lbs. per head of a natural protein than cows with no protein supplement. Although protein supplementation stimulated extra gain, the cows receiving no protein supplement gained weight and maintained adequate condition for mid-to-late gestation. When quality and quantity of milo stover are satisfactory, satisfactory performance can be achieved by cows in mid-to-late gestation without supplemental protein.
Open Access
Weaning calves early from drylot
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) McKee, M.; Fink, G.
Percentage Simmental and Hereford calves gained slightly more (13 lbs./hd) while nursing their mothers than 83 herd mates that were weaned early at 49 (+27) days of age. Percentage Simmental cows whose calves were weaned early had a higher conception rate than percentage Simmental cows that nursed calves (93% vs. 89%) Dams of calves weaned early rebred 17.6 days sooner than nursing dams.
Open Access
Factors influencing sickness at Central Bull Test Station
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) O'Banion, D.S.; Zoellner, K.O.; Schalles, R.R.
Pre-test management was studied on 351 bulls from 54 herds that were tested at the Kansas Bull Test Station at Beloit, Kansas. Charolais, Hereford, Polled Hereford, and Simmental bulls were sick more days than Angus or Limousin between delivery and start of test. Starting ages and weight correlated significantly with sickness. Bulls sick the least had been vaccinated with BVD, IBR, PI3, Pasturella, Blackleg, malignant edema, and lepto before arriving for test.
Open Access
Milo stover, forage sorghum, and protein levels compared for growing calves
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Bolsen, K.; Oltjen, J.; Ilg, H.
Milo stover silage, baled silo stover or forage sorghum silage was fed in 10, 12, or 14% protein rations to 120 calves in a 95-day growing trial, December 9, 1976, to March 14, 1977. Calves fed forage sorghum silage outperformed those fed milo stover silage or baled milo stover. Ensiled and baled milo stover supported similar performances. Calves fed 10% protein gained slower and less efficiently than those fed 12 or 14% protein. Observed gain and efficiency for a ration containing equal parts of milo stover silage and forage sorghum silage exceeded predicted gain and efficiency by 7.8% and 15.4%, respectively.
Open Access
Forage and grain yields and forage composition of barley, wheat, and oats
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Oltjen, J.; Bolsen, K.; Moore, W.
We harvested barley, wheat and oat varieties at the dough stage. Average yields in tons of 65% moisture forage/acre were 9.3 (barley), 10.2 (hard wheat), 9.5 (soft wheat), and 10.0 (oats). Barley variety yields varied most because of winter kill. Barley forages were the most digestible; oats, the least digestible. Crude fiber and grain contents of the forages were highly correlated with digestibility. Barley yielded highest in digestible dry matter, but hard wheat yields were more consistent from year to year.
Open Access
Wheat, barley, and oat silages for beef cattle
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Bolsen, K.; Oltjen, J.
Wheat, barley, or oat silages can provide excellent alternatives to corn and sorghum silages for beef cattle. Wheat, barley, oat, and corn silages were fed to steers in seven trials for the past five years (Prog. Rpt. 210, 230, 262 and 291, Kansas Agr. Expt. Sta.). The forages were whole plant and had been harvested in the dough state except as indicated. Silage was made in concrete silos (10 x 50 feet). When necessary, water was added to provide a moisture content of at least 60% in the ensiled forage. Cereal silage varieties included soft red winter, awnless wheats, Blue Boy, Blue Boy II, and Arthur, hard red winter, awned wheats, Parker, Eagle and Sage; winter, awned barleys, Paoli and Kanby, and spring oats, Trio and Loci.
Open Access
Feeding Monensin to yearling cattle on summer grass
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Smith, E.F.; Pruitt, R.; Riley, Jack G.; Corah, L.; Owensby, Clenton E.; owensby
The feed additive, Monensin, was self-fed in a feed block to yearling cattle on summer pasture. Consumption of the block (0.29 lb. daily) supplied 116 mg. of Monensin daily, which failed to improve the cattle’s performance.
Open Access
Results from one and two implants compared with yearling cattle on summer pasture
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Pruitt, R.; Fleck, A.; Smith, E.F.; Corah, L.; Owensby, Clenton E.; owensby
Reimplanting Ralgro in mid-July after implanting in late April did not improve daily summer gains compared to a single implant.
Open Access
Following half-season intensive grazing on native pasture with alfalfa or sudangrass grazing and/or feedlot finishing
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Helsel, R.M.; Posler, Gerry L.; Riley, Jack G.; Smith, E.F.; Ward, G.M.
Late summer grazing of alfalfa or sudangrass by cattle coming off half-season, double-stocked native grazing showed no advantage over immediate feedlot finishing. Late-summer grazers gained less in the feedlot and required about the same feeding period as those animals taken to the feedlots in midsummer.
Open Access
Effect of using one verses two growth-promoting implants during the suckling period on the weaning weights of nursing calves
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Corah, L.R.; Wary, R.T.; Schwartz, F.; McKee, M.; Schalles, R.R.
Three trials were conducted to study the effect on calf weight gains from using two 36-mg. Ralgro implants during the suckling period. Two Ralgro implants 60 to 90 days apart improved the average weight gain during the suckling period by 39.4, 43, and 46.6 pounds for the three trials. A single Ralgro implant improved suckling gains by 33.5, 22.1, 28.4 and 27.9 lbs. for the four test groups. Ralgro implants used at birth gave the same response as when first used when calves were 4 months old. A 15-mg. DES implant used in trial one improved suckling gains 23.4 lbs. These results suggest that at least one implant during the suckling period is a management practice cow-herd operators cannot afford to forego. Two implants during the suckling period give an even more economical response.