Maximizing utilization of native rangeland is an important aspect of the cow/calf
phase of beef production. Native rangeland is often of poor quality (less than 7%
crude protein). Protein content of the rangeland is important because nitrogen is a
key growth factor used by ruminal microbes. Without adequate nitrogen, the ruminal
ecosystem will not operate at peak efficiency, which subsequently reduces the supply of
nutrients to the animal.
Historically, producers have provided supplemental nutrients to their cattle to achieve
maximum performance. Both supplemental protein and energy have been provided to
cattle consuming low-quality forage with varying levels of success. Typically, supplemental
energy without adequate protein reduces fiber digestion by cattle. On the other
hand, supplemental protein consistently improves overall performance.
