Livestock Feeders' Day, 1958
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Item Open Access Self-feeding molasses mixed with urea, phosphoric acid and water with or without ethyl alcohol to beef heifers. I. Feedlot and carcass study.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Cox, R.F.Phosphoric acid has been found to be an excellent source of phosphorus when used in beef cattle rations. Urea, a non-protein-nitrogen compound, has long been recognized as a satisfactory source of protein equivalent for ruminants. Recently, the idea has been advanced that small amounts of ethyl alcohol would be beneficial in ruminant rations. Because of the labor-saving aspect, the practice of self-feeding liquid supplements seems to appeal to many people. All of the above ingredients can be mixed easily and thoroughly with molasses. This test was conducted to study the value of self-feeding a mixture of molasses, urea, phosphoric acid and water with and without ethyl alcohol in the wintering and fattening ration of beef heifers.Item Open Access Fundamental studies of sorghum roughages and grains. A study of the value of pelleting sorghum grain.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Cox, R.F.; Boren, Fred W.A preliminary test indicated that the efficiency of utilization of sorghum grain by beef cattle may be increased by grinding the grain very fine and making it into pellets. Digestion, nitrogen balance, digestible energy and feedlot tests are being conducted. This report is on the wintering phase of the feedlot test.Item Open Access The relationship of physical balance to the utilization of pelleted and non-pelleted rations for lambs.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Menzies, C.S.; Richardson, D.; Cox, R.F.Physical balance of lamb-fattening rations has been studied in this project for several years. These tests have been designed to study the effect of pelleting rations of varying proportions of roughages and concentrates upon feed-lot performance and feed efficiency compared with similar non-polleted rations. For the past three years both dehydrated and field-cured alfalfa hay have been used as roughages.Item Open Access Use of management techniques and hormones to control the time, rate, and regularity of lambing.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Nelson, E.A.; Smith, W.H.; Menzies, C.S.The experimental sheep used in conjunction with studies of summer fertility of sheep at the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station consist of a commercial flock of approximately 136 head of western ewes of three predominant types (Texas or finewools, northwest blackface crossbreds, and northwest whiteface crossbreds) and four breeds of rams (Hampshire, Suffolk, Shropshire, and Southdown). Observations on the ewe flock during the past five years indicate that most ewes are sexually active during the summer months and that low summer fertility may be associated with the quality of the semen produced by the rams during the breeding season.Item Open Access A comparison of alfalfa and alfalfa plus grain for wintering heifer calves on bluestem(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Boren, Fred W.Twenty-two head of good quality Hereford heifer calves purchased from the Harris Ranch at Melrose, New Mexico, were used in the test. They were divided on the basis of weight into two lots of 11 heifers each and wintered on bluestem pasture with the following treatments: Pasture 8-Fed 4 pounds of alfalfa hay and 2.5 pounds of corn per head daily. Pasture 13-Fed 8 pounds of alfalfa hay per head daily. The 2.5 pounds of corn fed to pasture 8 furnished approximately the same amount of total digestible nutrients as the additional 4 pounds of alfalfa bay fed to pasture 13. Plenty of grass was available in both pastures. The heifers had free access to salt.Item Open Access Feed lot and pasture-fattening tests with feeder lambs, 1957-58. Studies carried on by the Department of Animal Husbandry and the Garden City Branch Experiment Station.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Menzies, C.S.; Erhart, A.B.Two lots of lambs were grazed on wheat pasture for the entire 123-day experimental period. Lambs in one of these, lot 5, were also shorn at the start of the test on November 7. One-third of the lambs in each lot received a 3-mg. stilbestrol implant, 1/3 received a 6-mg. stilbestrol implant and the remaining % served as the hormone control. Two lots of lambs were used in a combination feed-lot and wheat-pasture study. One of these lots was grazed on wheat pasture for 60 days and then was switched to the feed-lot for the remaining 63 days of the test. The second lot was started in the feed-lot and was then switched to wheat pasture. One-third of the lambs in these two lots were implanted with 3 mgs. stilbestrol, 1/3 received a 6-mg. stilbestrol implant and the remaining 1/3 received no hormone.Item Open Access The value of the antibiotic B2 supplement Terramycin Bi-Con TM-10 vitamin B2 premix (Fortafeed 2-49-C), and Aureomycin B12 supplement Aurofac 2A in the protein supplement for fattening spring pigs in the dry-lot in summer.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Aubel, C.E.In 1956-57 experiments with swine were designed to secure information on the maximum use of alfalfa meal in protein supplemental mixtures as a dry-lot substitute for pasture, since pastures for swine in Kansas are often poor, inadequate, or unavailable. The pigs in these tests received, with their grain, mixed protein supplements which contained varying quantities of alfalfa meal. The mixed protein supplement that gave best results for the two years tested was one of 4 parts tankage, 4 parts soybean meal, and 3 parts alfalfa meal.Item Open Access The use of tranquilizer compounds in wintering rations for steers.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Richardson, D.; McCartor, M.M.Recent experimental work with chemical tranquilizers has indicated that these substances may be of value in the fattening ration of beef cattle under certain conditions. Theoretically at least, the chemical tranquilizers should calm the animals and thus reduce the amount of energy lost due to nervousness and unnecessary muscular activity. It is also possible that they have some other effect upon the animal which leads to increased weight gains and improved feed efficiency. The trial reported herein• was designed to determine whether or not tranquilizer compounds will improve the performance of beef cattle on a wintering ration.Item Open Access A comparison of the amount and kind of protein concentrate for yearling steers on bluestem pasture.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Walker, G.L.; Boren, Fred W.In Circular 349 from this station, it has been reported in a three-year study that 2 pounds of soybean pellets fed per steer daily increased the gain .39 pound per head daily on yearling steers on bluestem pasture in late summer (August, September, and October). Most of this gain increase occurred in September and October. This report is concerned primarily with finding out if the level of supplemental feeding can be profitably lowered and if the kind of protein concentrate has any effect on performance.Item Open Access The value of furazolidone Nf-180 and Terramycin Bi-Con Tm 10 antibiotic in the rations of fattening pigs on alfalfa pasture.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Aubel, C.E.This experiment was initiated to study the effect of Furazolidone Nf-180 in rations for growing and fattening swine. In this test four lots of fall pigs were self-fed free choice a basal ration of shelled corn and a mixed protein supplement on alfalfa pasture. The mixed protein supplement was made up of 4 parts tankage, 4 parts soybean meal, 1 part linseed meal, and 1 part alfalfa meal. Lot 1 pigs received no nitrofuran. They were self-fed the basal ration, a mixed protein supplement, and shelled corn. Lot 2 pigs received shelled corn and a mixed protein supplement to which had been added Nf-180 at the rate of 2 ¼ pounds per ton. This supplied it to the pig at the rate of about 25 gms. per ton of total feed. Lot 3 pigs received the same feed ration as did those in lot 2 except that they also received Bi-Con TM-10 at the rate of 4 ½ pounds to a ton. Lot 4 pigs received shelled corn and a mixed protein supplement to which had been added Bi-Con 'fM-10 at the rate of 4 ½ pounds to a ton.Item Open Access Adapting roughages varying in quality and curing processes to the nutrition of beef cattle. Combinations of wheat straw and alfalfa hay in the winter ration of beef heifers.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Richardson, D.; Cox, R.F.; Boren, Fred W.Previous work at this station (Circular 297. p. 45-47) and at the Fort Hays Branch Experiment Station (Circular 322, p. 1-6) indicates that beef calves wintered on a daily ration of 1.75-2 pounds of ground sorghum grain, 1.25-2 pounds of protein concentrate and wheat straw fed free-choice made average daily gains of only .3 to .6 pound. One pound of molasses substituted for 1 pound of grain and sprinkled on wheat straw increased consumption only .22 pound per head dally but decreased gains .08 pound per head dally. Also 1 pound of molasses had slightly less feeding value than 1 pound of grain in a wintering ration for steer calves with wheat straw roughage. The addition of 1 pound of dehydrated alfalfa pellets increased the rate of gain and feed efficiency. Calves receiving dehydrated alfalfa pellets also consumed more straw.Item Open Access The effect of shade and hormone implant on fattening yearling heifers.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Richardson, D.; Cox, R.F.; Boren, Fred W.Five heifers in lots 1, 2 and 3 of the shade vs. no shade study were randomly selected to receive an implant composed of 20 mg. of estradiol benzoate and 100 mg. of testosterone. Since they were fed along with the non-implanted heifers in each lot, no feed efficiency data is available.Item Open Access Self-feeding molasses mixed with urea, phosphoric acid and water with or without ethyl alcohol to beef heifers. II. Meat evaluation study.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Richardson, D.; Mackintosh, D.L.; Merkel, R.A.The details of management and feeding of animals involved in this test are given in part I of this report. Five wholesale rib cuts from each lot were obtained at the time of slaughter for cooking, palatability, mechanical separation and chemical tests. These tests were conducted to determine the effect of the protein supplement upon the meat produced.Item Open Access Fundamental studies of sorghum roughages and grains. I. A study of the value of pelleting sorghum grain. II. A study of the value of levels of hormone and synthetic hormone-like substances.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Cox, R.F.Previous work has shown that rate of gain and carcass quality are essentially the same with sorghum grain and corn when self-fed in a beef fattening ration (Kansas Agricultural experiment Station Circulars 308 a20, and 335). However, the animals eat more sorghum grain than corn per pound of gain. Because of its relatively small size, uniform preparation of the sorghum grain is more difficult than for the larger corn grain. This is a preliminary test to evaluate grinding sorghum grain to a meal and then making it into a pellet. Source and level of hormones and synthetic hormone-like substances used as implants are also being studied.Item Open Access Relationship among live and carcass characteristics of slaughter steers.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Weseli, J.D.; Good, D.L.; Holland, L.A.One of the major tools needed for a more accurate live animal evaluation is an objective method of det.ermining the amount of muscle in a beef steer. We can come close to estimating dressing percentage and grade but these factors are not good indicators of the amount of red meat or "edible portion" that is in the carcass. Many prime cattle have less utility or true value than choice cattle because of excess fat and/or lack of muscle.Item Open Access Nutritive value of forages us affected by soil and climatic differences; limestone pasture vs. sandstone pasture(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Richardson, D.; Cox, R.F.This report is a summary of the results obtained in the first trial of a study designed to determine differences in the nutritive value, for beef cattle, of forages grown on limestone or sandstone soils. Preliminary results were reported in detail in Kansas Circular 349. In a study of this sort there are many variables which cannot be completely controlled or eliminated. It is virtually impossible to select pastures and meadows that are alike in every detail. Pastures within a few miles of each other receive differing amounts of moisture in a given period of time. Previous treatment, type of forage, yield of forage; all of these and many other variables affect the results obtained. Therefore, several trials extending over a number of years must be carried out before definite conclusions can be made.Item Open Access The use of Stilbestrol and Synovex implants for steers during the wintering and fattening period.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Cox, R.F.; Richardson, D.; Walker, G.L.The steers used in this study were implanted with either stilbestrol or Synovex at the start of the wintering period. The results of the first 112 days of the wintering period were reported in Circular 349. This report summarizes the results of the entire wintering period and also the results of the fattening period which followed.Item Open Access The use of Stilbestrol and Synovex implants for steers on a wintering ration.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Cox, R.F.; Richardson, D.; Walker, G.L.This is the third test designed to study the value of stilbestrol implants for steer calves being fed a wintering-type ration. Synovex implants are being used for the second time. Both products are being used successfully to increase the daily gains of steers on high-energy fattening rations. Information concerning their value for calves being fed high-roughage wintering diets is rather limited, however.Item Open Access Feedlot performance of steers implanted with Stilbestrol prior to the grazing season.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Walker, G.L.Experimental evidence indicates that beef steers implanted with low levels of stilbestrol before going to grass will make increased gains during the grazing season. The test reported herein was designed to measure the performance of such implanted steers on a fattening ration in dry-lot after the grazing season.Item Open Access Relationship of summer gains of yearling steers on bluestem pastures with feeder grade, shade of color, weight at the start of the grazing season and previous winter gain.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-14) Holland, L.A.; Wheat, J.D.; Smith, E.F.; Smith, W.H.; Good, D.L.; Cox, R.F.Feeder grade, shade of color, and weight are some factors considered by cattlemen who purchase or produce yearling steers to pasture. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship of summer gains of yearling steers on bluestem pastures with feeder grade. shade of color, weight at the start of the grazing season and previous winter gain.
