Cattlemen's Day, 1968
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Item Open Access Effects of supplementing corn silage with MGA and feeding varying levels of sorghum grain to feed-lot heifers(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Smart, L.I.; Drake, C.L.Melengestrol acetate (MGA) 1S a new drug recently approved for use in the supplement portion of rations of feed-lot heifers. The recommended level is from 0.25 to 0.50 mg. per head per day. A 48-hour withdrawal period is required before slaughter. Several experiment stations have shown improved rate of gain, feed utilization and suppressed estrus in feed-lot heifers on high concentrate rations plus MGA.Item Open Access Urea vs. soybean meal in wintering and finishing rations for beef steers(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.; Brent, B.E.A previous test using sorghum silage (Kans. Agri. Expt. Sta. Bull. 507:5, 1967) indicated that 3 pounds of grain per day in silage would supply enough available energy for reasonably good utilization of nonprotein nitrogen (urea). However, additional grain apparently increased the utilization of urea. This is the second test to obtain information on the minimum amount of readily available energy as grain necessary for efficient utilization of nonprotein nitrogen as a substitute for natural protein. During the wintering phase, the roughage was corn silage with an average of 38.5% dry matter. Grain made up 27% of the dry matter. Prairie hay replaced the silage in the finishing phase. Supplemental treatments are shown in the tables giving the results.Item Open Access The effects of feeding a high concentrate ration containing 25% ground beef manure to fattening heifers in concrete and soil-surfaced lots(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Drake, C.L.; Smart, L.I.; Smith, E.F.; Lipper, R.I.This is a cooperative project with the Department of Agricultural Engineering to study surface runoff, in addition to animal performance. Twenty Hereford heifers were randomly allotted to four equal sized lots: 2 surfaced with concrete and 2 with soil. Self-feeders in soil-surfaced lots have concrete aprons.Item Open Access A comparison of all-in-one and conventional sorghum silage with and without MGA for feedlot heifers(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Smart, L.I.; Drake, C.L.Silage is being utilized in larger quantities in beef cattle growing and fattening rations. Hammes et al. (1964) showed that higher levels of corn silage can be used because gains from high silage and high grain rations are similar. However, more total digestible nutrients may be harvested per acre and the cost of gain is usually less with silage. Several investigators have shown advantages to certain additives with silage.Item Open Access Inhibition of ruminal urease(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Brent, B.E.; Adepoju, A.; Portela, F.; Richardson, D.Rumen bacteria elaborate an enzyme, urease. Urease is capable of breaking down urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide. Rumen bacteria then incorporate the ammonia into new amino acids and bacterial protein. Thus, urea can be used as a non-nitrogen source for ruminants. Unfortunately, urease often makes ammonia available faster than it can be used by rumen bacteria. That leads to poor utilization of urea or, in extreme cases, to toxicity.Item Open Access Sorghum grain as the only protein source in all-concentrate heifer finishing rations: Two levels of year in an all-concentrate ration(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Smith, E.F.; Richardson, D.; Drake, C.L.; Brent, B.E.Tests reporting on sorghum grain as the only protein source in a diet for finishing cattle are reported in Kansas Agr. Expt. Station Bulletins 493 and 507 and on page 24 in this bulletin. The three rations fed are show in table 10. The sorghum grain was obtained as needed at a local elevator, mixed with other ration ingredients at the Animal Husbandry elevator and delivered, usually in 2000 lb. loads to the self feeders when needed.Item Open Access High protein sorghum grain with no added protein in all concentrate cattle finishing rations; Urea and soybean oil meal in all concentrate rations(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Smith, E.F.; Richardson, D.; Drake, C.L.; Brent, B.E.Trials at several research centers as well as in Kansas (Bulletin 483, page 32) have shown roughage may be satisfactorily omitted from finishing rations for cattle and doing so, often reduces feed required per pound of gain. That has made it feasible to try to finish cattle on all grain diet5, when the grain has sufficient protein, and to omit other protein sources as well as roughage. Other research on this subject is reported in Kansas Bulletins 493 and 507 and on page in this bulletin.Item Open Access Nutritive value of forages as affected by soil and climatic differences(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Richardson, D.; Clary, F.G.; Banbury, Evans E.; Spaeth, C.W.; Erhart, A.B.; Arnett, D.W.; Boren, Fred W.; Perry, H.B.Four previous tests (Kans. Agri. Expt. Sta. Bull. 507:7, 1967) at Colby, Garden City, Manhattan, and Mound Valley, using beef steers from the same herd and feeding the same feedstuffs, grown locally, produced differences in performance. What is the cause(s) of the differences? This test was designed as previous ones, except that all locations used the same feed, which was produced at Garden City. Sorghum silage was dehydrated and pelleted for easier transportation. The calves were wintered on the silage pellets and alfalfa hay. Silage pellets were gradually removed from the ration and sorghum grain added for finishing. Analyses of the feedstuffs are shown in table 12 . Feedlot performance and carcass data are shown in table 13. Results were more nearly uniform than for any previous year. The test is being repeated. An Atomic Absorption Spectrometer has been obtained and a complete mineral analysis of feedstuffs and water from each location is planned.Item Open Access The value of dehydrated alfalfa and delayed grain feeding young cows on winter bluestem(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Smith, E.F.; Richardson, D.; Drake, C.L.; Hall, M.C.Two primary objectives of this test were to: (1) compared dehydrated alfalfa with soybean oil meal as a winter supplemental feed on bluestem pasture for young cows to be bred shortly after the winter feeding period. (2) Determine any merit in feeding grain the last 50 days of the winter period compared with feeding the same total amount of grain throughout the winter when heifers are to be bred shortly after the winter feeding period.Item Open Access Different methods of managing bluestem pastures(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Smith, E.F.; Owensby, Clenton E.; Kolstad, S.P.; owensbyStudied were the effects of early season heavy stocking and burning on cattle performance, productivity of pastures and range condition as determined by plant population changes. The objective of early season heavy stocking at twice the normal rate for the first half the growing season is to obtain more gain per acre, have cattle available for dry lot finishing at mid summer and determine if the grass will recover the last half of the season. Forage quality is best early in the growing season.Item Open Access Comparison of time and method in freeze-marking cattle(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Schalles, R.R.; Drake, C.L.; Allen, Dell M.Freeze marking for within-herd identification was used on 65 Hereford females. The cattle were 18 months to nearly three years old. Three numerals were placed on the right rump of each animal in the fall of 1967. The “branding irons” used were four-inch brass numerals with a half inch face. Dry ice and ethyl alcohol were used as the coolant with 40, 50 and or 60 seconds of contact time as well as liquid nitrogen with 39, 35 or 40 seconds of contact. Three men each applied one of the three numerals using dry ice and alcohol coolant with 60 seconds contact time on 14 head. The remaining 51 head were marked by one man.Item Open Access The Kansas Beef Cattle Improvement Program(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Westmeyer, H.W.; Zoellner, K.O.The Kansas Beef Cattle Improvement Program is to help improve beef cow herds in Kansas and to provide information that will be valuable to producers in selecting breeding animals and making management decisions. The program is not to encourage competition among herds. Environmental conditions vary from herd to herd so competitive among herds cannot be “under the same rules”.Item Open Access The cattle feeding industry of Kansas(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Phar, P.The Kansas cattle feeding industry has grown tremendously since 1956. The 1968 January Cattle on Feed Report shows more than ten times as many cattle in commercial feedlots as in 1956. Farm feedlots have also increased, but since 1966 over 50 percent of our cattle have been fed in lots with at least 1,000 head capacity.Item Open Access The effect of Aureomycin and Sulmet combinations in feed on the performance of cattle(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Phar, P.A.; Zimmer, P.R.Two feedlot trials were conducted during the summer of 1967 at the Morris Feed Yards, Marris, Kansas, to study effects of aureomycin (chlortetracycline) and sulfamethazine fed alone or in combination on weight gain, feed efficiency and general health of newly arrived feeder calves.Item Open Access The influence of marbling and maturity on beef tenderness(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Tuma, H.J.; Grant, D.; Covington, R.The beef carcass quality grading system currently used has been challenged by many who say current standards are too high and that the amount of marbling to attain a given grade should be decreased.Item Open Access The value of an artery clamp to dehorn cattle(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Drake, C.L.; Schalles, R.R.; Smith, C.W.A preliminary trail involving use of an artery clamp and a drawing and description of the clamp are reported in Bulletin 507. This trial involved 42 horned heifers owned and fed by a cooperating feedlot operator. The heifers were individually weighed and placed on these experimental treatments: 1. Control - not dehorned 2. Dehorned using clamp; arteries pulled 3. Dehorned not using clamp; arteries pulled All heifers were placed in one large lot and fed the same ration for 30 days after being dehorned.Item Open Access The value of Chlortetracycline (Aureomycin) and Sulfamethazine fed independently and in combination to weanling beef calves following shipment(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Drake, C.L.; Smart, L.I.; Smith, E.F.Two hundred weaning calves were received in two shipments and placed on experiment. The calves were weighed, ear tagged and tattooed as rapidly as possible after being received, and were treated as follows: Treatment A - No oral medication (Control) Treatment B - Fed 350 mg. sulfamethazinel per head daily Treatment C - Fed 350 mg. chlortetracycline per head daily Treatment D - Fed 350 mg. sulfamethazine and 350 mg. chlortetracycline per head daily The cattle were fed sorghum silage to consumption and 3 lbs. sorghum grain (containing the medication) per head daily. They were injected with 10cc Combiotic (penicillin and streptomycin) when fever or respiratory difficulty occurred. Two replications of 100 calves each were used for this trial.Item Open Access Improvement of beef cattle through breeding methods(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-17) Smith, W.H.; Akinokun, J.; Schalles, R.R.Two inbred lines of purebred Shorthorn cattle were established and progressively developed, to study production traits and effects of inbreeding. Inbreeding was initiated in the Wernace Premier Line in 1949 and in the Mercury line in 1952. Both lines have remained closed to outside breeding since. Inbreeding has progressively increased as the result of successive generations of half sibbing.
