Cattlemen's Day, 1987

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Open Access
Effect of limited-creep feeding calves of spring-calving cows grazing native grass
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Brazle, F.; Kuhl, Gerry L.; Corah, L.; Zoellner, K.
Two limited-creep feeding trials were conducted with spring-born, suckling calves on native grass. The high-energy creep rations containing an ionophore were fed during the last 63 or 85 days before weaning in the two trials. Creep intake was limited with salt to about 1.5 lb per calf daily. Calves consuming the limited-creep feeds gained .26 to .31 lb more per head daily and required 4.4 to 5.5 lb of creep per lb of extra weaning weight.
Open Access
Effect of Terramycin® and Bovatec® in free-choice mineral mixtures on gains of heifers grazing native grass
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Brazle, F.; Kuhl, Gerry L.; Harmon, D.; Laudert, S.
Supplementing heifers in an intensive-early grazing program with Terramycin ® or Bovatec ® in free-choice, mineral-soybean meal mixtures resulted in Comparable cattle performance. Both feed additive mixtures increased heifer gains about .3 lb per day compared to controls supplemented with a simple mineral mixture.
Open Access
Effect of supplemental protein:ratio on the intake, digestibility, fill, and turnover of dormant bluestem range-grasses
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) DelCurto, T.; Cochran, R.C.; Jacques, K.A.; Harmon, D.L.; Towne, G.; Avery, T.B.; Vanzant, E.S.
Feeding a low crude protein (12%) supplement depressed dormant bluestem range-grass fiber digestibility, whereas moderate (27%) and high (41 %) protein supplementation maintained forage digestibility and encouraged intake. Increased intake for moderate and high protein groups appeared to be associated with increased rumen dry matter and indigestible fiber fill.
Open Access
Influence of rumen bypass fat fed in a range supplement on the performance of cows and calves grazing bluestem range
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Corah, L.; Cochran, B.; Harmon, D.; Goehring, T.
Adding rumen bypass fat to a range supplement reproductive characteristics, cow weight and condition performance during a 43-day postpartum feeding period.
Open Access
Influence of sorghum grain supplementation on forage utilization by beef steers consuming immature bluestem
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Vanzant, E.S.; Beharka, A.A.; Cochran, R.C.; Avery, T.B.; Jacques, K.A.
Supplementing beef steers consuming immature bluestem with 0, 1, 2, or 4 lbs of sorghum grain daily did not affect forage intake. Thus, total intake increased as level of grain increased. Total dry matter, cell wall, and starch digestibilities were mildly depressed with increasing grain. Rumen fill and rates of passage were similar for all treatments, and differences in rumen fermentation characteristics were minimal.
Open Access
Effect of stocker receiving diet on subsequent pasture gains
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Brazle, F.; Kuhl, Gerry L.; Harmon, D.
Seven diets were fed for 27 days to newly arrived heifers to evaluate their impact on stocker gains during the receiving and pasture periods. The diets were as follows: soybean hulls plus soybean meal; suncured alfalfa plus wheat middlings; dehydrated alfalfa plus grain sorghum; distillers dried grain plus cottonseed hulls; brome hay plus 2 lb protein supplement/day; prairie hay plus 2 lb protein supplement/day; and a commercial receiving ration. During the receiving period, diets of soybean hulls plus soybean meal, distillers dried grain plus cottonseed hulls, and the commercial receiving ration produced the highest cattle gains. The soybean hull plus soybean meal diet and the commercial receiving ration resulted in the best combined dry lot and pasture gains as well.
Open Access
Effect of several spaying methods on grazing heifer gains
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Kuhl, Gerry L.; Goehring, T.; Ritter, B.; Laudert, S.; McCully, W.
Several spaying and ovarian autografting methods were tested in three field trials with 658 grazing heifers. None of the techniques examined were found to have a beneficial effect on heifer gains compared to intact controls. Heifers' initial weight, frame size, and body condition score were associated with cattle performance; however, their relative impact on gains varied across the three trials.
Open Access
Implant comparisons in grazing and finishing spayed heifers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Laudert, S.B.; Kuhl, Gerry L.; Edwards, A.J.
Heifers that were flank-spayed plus rumen-ovarian autografted (FS+A) responded similarly to Ralgro®, Synovex-H®, and Synovex-S® implants on' pasture. Grazing heifers spayed by the Kimberling-Rupp technique also responded similarly to Synovex-H and Synovex-S implants. During the finishing phase, heifers implanted with Synovex-S gained 5.7% faster than heifers implanted with Ralgro, and those implanted with Synovex-H were intermediate in performance. There was no statistical interaction between spaying method and implant treatment during either the grazing or finishing phases.
Open Access
Grazing and feedlot performance of heifers spayed by two methods
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Laudert, S.B.; Kuhl, Gerry L.; Edwards, A.J.
Two field trials were conducted to compare the pasture and finishing performance of heifers spayed by the Kimberling-Rupp(K-R) technique or by flank spaying plus autografting a piece of ovarian tissue into the rumen wall (FS+A). In trial 1, neither spaying method resulted in gains of grazing heifers different from that of intake controls; however, FS+A heifers gained 5.1% faster than K-R spayed heifers. In trial 2, grazing gains of heifers spayed by the two techniques were similar. During the finishing phase, no performance difference was found among intact, K-R, or FS+A heifers in trial 1 or between K-R and FS+A heifers in trial 2.
Open Access
Effect of maturity at harvest on yield, composition, and feeding value of forage and grain sorghum silages
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Hamma, S.; Kirch, B.; Downey, B.; White, J.; Bolsen, K.
In the last 2 years, three trials were conducted to determine the influence of hybrid and stage of maturity at harvest on silage yield, composition, and nutritive value for 15 forage and nine grain sorghum hybrids. Agronomic data, such as days to half bloom, plant height, and whole-plant dry matter (OM) and grain yields, were also obtained. In Trial 1, Pioneer 947, Acco Paymaster 351, and DeKalb 25E forage sorghum hybrids had different whole-plant OM and crude protein (CP) contents. Whole-plant OM increased, whereas CP generally decreased with advancing maturity. Hybrid affected both DM intake and CP digestibility. Results indicated that the late-dough stage of maturity optimized both yield and nutritive value. In Trials 2 and 3, grain sorghums reached the late-dough stage in fewer days than forage sorghums. The whole-plant DM and CP contents and grain yields differed considerably among the forage sorghums, and all were lower than values for the grain sorghum hybrids. However, Whole-plant DM yields were generally higher, but much more variable for the forage than for the grain sorghums. These results substantiate that large variations exist among forage sorghums and between grain and forage sorghum hybrids. Sorghums with higher DM and grain content should be favored and harvested at the late-dough stage for silage.
Open Access
Evaluation of stocking rate, Compudose® implants, and Rumensin® ruminal delivery devices within intensive-early stocking
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Cochran, R.C.; Riley, Jack G.; Owensby, Clenton E.; Towne, G.; Vanzant, E.S.; Pope, Ronald V.; owensby; rvpope
Stocking rate in an intensive-early stocking system (1.25, 1.50, or 1.76 acres per steer) did not influence steer gains. Available forage on loamy upland sites was lower after steer removal on July 15 for the highest stocking rate. However, after late season rest, available forage was similar for all stocking rates. Steer gains were consistently greater for groups implanted with Compudose® (estradiol 78β or Compudose plus a Rumensin® (monensin) ruminal delivery device. The Rumensin device alone was successful in increasing average daily gain only at the highest stocking rate.
Open Access
Whole-plant forage and grain sorghum silages for growing cattle
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Kirch, B.; Hamma, S.; Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.; Hoover, J.
Four trials were conducted to determine the feeding value of whole-plant forage and grain sorghum silages. In general, growing cattle fed grain sorghum hybrids (NK2778, Funk's 550, DeKalb 42Y, DeKalb E67) out performed those fed forage sorghum silages. Only moderate to high grain-content, forage sorghums (Buffalo Canex, Pioneer 947, Acco 351) gave performances that approached the grain sorghums. Low grain-content and nonheading forage sorghums (DeKalb 25E, Funk's G-1990) resulted in the poorest cattle performance. These studies indicate that grain content of a sorghum silage is the major determinant of cattle performance and that whole-plant grain sorghums should produce the fastest and most efficient gains in growing programs.
Open Access
Effect of environmental temperature and an inoculant on the fermentation of forage sorghum silage
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Bolsen, K.
The inoculants, BioPower®, increased the rate and efficiency of ensiling in Acco Paymaster 351 forage sorghum regardless of storage temperature. The untreated, 60 F silage fermentated slower and had higher pH, lower lactic acid, and higher acetic acid values than its 90 F counterpart.
Open Access
Additive-treated corn silages for growing cattle
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.; Kirch, B.; Laytimi, A.; Lomas, Lyle W.; llomas
Whole-plant corn silages were treated with USO3M or Silo-Best Soluble® in one trial and with Garst M-74® in a second trial. In Trial 1 all three silages were well preserved and moderately stable in the air. USO3M silage lost less dry matter during fermentation than control or Silo-Best silages. Cattle fed the USO3M silage made 7.6% faster gains and were 5.2% more efficient than those fed the control silage. Cattle performance with the Silo-Best Soluble and control silages was similar. In trial 2, heifer gains were nearly identical for both control and Garst M-74 silages.
Open Access
Effect of Bovatec® level in supplemental feed on performance and forage utilization characteristics of wintering beef cattle
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Cochran, R.C.; Corah, L.R.; Jacques, K.A.; Avery, T.B.; Zoellner, K.O.; Higginbotham, J.F.
Various levels of lasalocid (Bovatec®) added to a protein supplement did not improve weight or condition change of beef cows grazing poor quality winter pasture. Similarly, calf birth weight and most forage utilization characteristics (e.g., intake, passage rate, and fermentation characteristics) were not altered by Bovatec level. Although forage digestibility was influenced by Bovatec level, changes were not sufficient to influence performance characteristics.
Open Access
Effect of commercial inoculants on the fermentation of alfalfa, corn, forage sorghum, and triticale silages
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-03) Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.; Laytimi, A.; Hart, R.; Chain, V.; Nuzback, L.; Fung, Daniel Y. C.; dfung
Fourteen commercial inoculants were evaluated in seven trials using alfalfa, corn, forage sorghum, and triticale silages. Microbial profiles of the inoculants and of the crops differed widely. Viable lactic acid bacteria (LAB) supplied per gram of fresh crop by the inoculants ranged from less than 103 to over 103. Only the alfalfas had 10 or fewer LAB per gram of crop when the forages were treated and as a result, fermentation responses were excellent for those inoculants that supplied 10 or more LAB per gram of treated crop. Corn and triticale underwent a very rapid fermentation rate with very little response to the inoculants. The forage sorghums did not ensile as rapidly as the corn because of their cooler initial temperatures, and most inoculants had little or no effect on the fermentation characteristics. The results of these experiments indicate that if a crop has a high number of LAB, adding more in the form of an inoculant is unlikely to improve the silage fermentation. If a crop has a low number of LAB, it probably will respond to an inoculant, provided the inoculant supplies a large number of viable bacteria.
Open Access
Effects of MGA and prostaglandin on estrus induction and synchronization in cows and heifers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-01) Perry, R.C.; Boyd, G.W.; Goehring, T.B.; Corah, L.R.
Four trials were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Melegestrol Acetate (MGA ®) and prostaglandin (PGF) in inducing and synchronizing estrus. In trial 1, treated heifers were fed MGA for 7 days and given a PGF injection on either the first or last day of MGA feeding. The 7-day estrus response was higher (P<.01) for treated heifers than untreated controls. In trial 2, treated cows were fed MGA for 7 days and given a PGF Injection on the last day of MGA feeding or 13 days after the last day of MGA feeding. The 7-day estrus response was also higher (P<.01) in treated cows. In trial 3, 59 cows were fed MGA for 7 days followed by a PGF injection, and exposed to bulls for 66 days. The MGA-PGF treatment was ineffective in synchronizing estrus and hastening conception. In trial 4, feeding MGA for 7 days successfully synchronized estrus in. cycling cows, but first service conception rates were reduced by 10% in the Kansas study and by 16% in a four state study.
Open Access
Calving and reproductive performance of Angus x Hereford and Brahman x Hereford heifers fed to prebreeding target weights
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-01) Patterson, D.J.; Corah, L.R.; Brethour, J.R.; Negus, W.R.
The effect of heifer development on first calving and subsequent reproductive performance was evaluated in Angus x Hereford (AxH) and Brahman x Hereford (BxH) females. Heifers were fed to reach either 55% or 65% of their projected mature body weight by the start of their first breeding season. After breeding, the heifers were managed as a typical commercial range beef cow herd. Angus x Hereford heifers developed to the higher prebreeding target weights: 1) were heavier (P<.05) at calving; 2) had larger (P<.05) total precalving pelvic areas; and 3) had higher (P<.05) average postcalving body condition scores. Precalving pelvic areas were also greater (P<.05) among BxH females developed to the higher prebreeding target weight. Angus x Hereford heifers fed to the low target weight experienced 23.5% more calving problems (52.3 vs 28.8%). Only 11.3% of the BxH heifers required assistance at calving, and calving difficulty was not related to nutritional level. Postpartum interval to estrus (PPJ) was longer among low target AxH heifers, but not in BxH heifers. Calf weaning weight was not affected by heifer development; however, weights were heavier for calves raised by the BxH heifers. These data suggest that differences in weight and condition prior to first breeding persist through to the heifer's first calving and postpartum period.
Open Access
Relationship of age at puberty and postpartum interval to estrus in Angus x Hereford and Brahman x Hereford Females
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-01) Patterson, D.J.; Corah, L.R.; Brethour, J.R.; Negus, W.R.
Records of age at puberty (AAP) and postpartum interval to estrus (PPI) for heifers calving first at 2 years of age were used to determine the relationship between the two reproductive parameters. In Brahman x Hereford (BxH) females, there was no relationship between AAP and PPJ. In Angus x Hereford (AxH) females, PPI increased as AAP decreased. The data suggest that heifers heavier at weaning reach puberty younger, but PPJ may be longer following their first calving. Heifers larger at weaning may need to be managed differently to improve performance during the first postpartum period.
Open Access
Factors predicting the probability of estrus and pregnancy
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-12-01) Goehring, T.; Corah, L.; Higgins, James J.; jhiggins
A statistical analysis was used to determine which live animal traits are useful in predicting reproductive performance in first-calf heifers. Heifer condition score at calving and change in condition score postcalving, calving difficulty score, and milk production were related to the probability of estrus and pregnancy. Condition score at calving had the greatest impact and, to a great extent, moderates the influence of the other traits.