Livestock Feeders' Day, 1959
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Item Open Access Adapting roughages varying in quality and curing processes to the nutrition of beef cattle.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-11) Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Cox, R.F.; Boren, Fred W.The hay used in this study consisted of good-quality, third-cutting alfalfa. It was cut, cured, and baled in the field and stored in a conventional hay shed. After having been in storage 2 months, a part of the alfalfa hay was removed from the barn, coarsely ground through a 1/4 -inch screen, made into3/8-inch pellets by a local feed processor, and stored for later feeding. The forage-type sorghum was field harvested in mid-October with the usual silage equipment. The loads were alternately ensiled in upright silos or dehydrated, finely ground, and pelleted into 3/8-inch pellets. These pellets were then stored ill bulk for later feeding. The prairie hay used was of good quality. It was grow a local farm meadow. Fifty head of choice-quality heifer calves from the Jeff Ranch, Fort Davis, Texas, were used in this experiment. They were allotted into five lots, 10 head per lot, on the basis of live weight. They were fed a winter ration consisting entirely of alfalfa hay or pellets and either sorghum silage or dehydrated pelleted sorghum for 126 days.Item Open Access I. Concentrate: Roughage ratios in pelleted rations for fattening lambs. II. 3-mg. Stilbestrol implants for lambs fed pelleted rations.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-11) Menzies, C.S.; Richardson, D.; Cox, R.F.A summary of three years' study of the relationship of physical balance to the utilization of pelleted and nonpelleted fattening lamb rations was reported in Circular 358. Results of this work indicated the following: (l) the optimum ratio in nonpelleted lamb-fattening rations was 45 percent. concentrate to 55 percent roughage; (2) pelleted rations produced faster, more efficient ga.ins than nonpelleted rations' (3) pelleted rations consisting of 40 percent concentrate and 60 percent roughage produced gains as fast and as efficiently as pelleted rations of 50 percent concentrate and 50 percent roughage; and (4) field-cured alfalfa hay produced faster and more economical gains than dehydrated alfalfa when mixed and pelleted with a concentrate. This year's test was concerned primarily with finding the optimum concentrate to roughage ratio for pelleted lamb fattening rations and with determining the value of feeding loose hay with a complete pelleted ration for lambs. The value of 3-mg. stilbestrol implants also was studied.Item Open Access The comparative value of shelled corn and hybrid grain sorhum prepared for feeding by different milling processes.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-11) Aubel, C.E.Grain sorghums are being grown extensively in many parts of Kansas. Feeding tests with swine at this station have given excellent results when sorghum grain was compared with corn. Hybrid sorghum grains also have done well in the feedlot. Mills and elevators now can process grains in ways not previously possible. Interest in the new processes is increasing because they may improve the efficiency of the grains for feeding and thus provide more profit in hog raising. Five lots of pigs were self-fed free choice in drylot. All lots received a mixed animal and plant protein supplement of 4 parts tankage, 4 parts soybean meal, 1 part cottonseed meal, and 1 part alfalfa meal. The ration for each lot varied in the following manner:Item Open Access Fattening heifer calves on dry bluestem pasture versus fattening in drylot(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-11) Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Boren, Fred W.Heifers used in this experiment were the light end of calves purchased from the Pumray Ranch, Logan, N.M., the fall of 1957. Twenty-one heifers were placed in two groups on the basis of live weight and grade. One lot of 10 heifers, averaging 346 pounds each, was placed on 18 acres of dry mature bluestem pasture. The second lot of 11 heifers was put in drylot.Item Open Access The use of antibiotics at shipping time to suppress the occurrence of respiratory complex in cattle.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-11) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Richardson, D.; Cox, R.F.; Smith, J.; Boren, Fred W.One of the major problems confronting cattlemen is control of the occurrence of respiratory diseases such as shipping fever, colds, nasal congestion. and pneumonia. These respiratory conditions are especially troublesome to cattle feeders who ship and receive cattle during the fall and winter months, when adverse weather conditions put added stress on cattle. This study is to investigate the value of various antibiotics administered orally or by injection to weaning calves to control the occurrence of respiratory diseases during the first few weeks they are in drylot.Item Open Access Stilbestrol and Synovex implants (and reimplants) for steers on a fattening ration.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-11) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Cox, R.F.; Richardson, D.; Walker, G.L.The steers used in this fattening trial were part of a larger group used in a wintering trial reported on page 46 of Kansas Circular 358. At the beginning of the fattening period the ration was gradually changed from a high roughage, wintering type, to a high energy, fattening type. Also at that time five of the steers in the stilbestrol lot were reimplanted with 24 mgs. of diethylstilbestrol and five steers in the synovex lot were reimplanted with synovex. Individual calves remained in the same experimental group as during the wintering study but the groups were moved from the outdoor lots to concrete lots in which shelter was available.Item Open Access Lamb feeding experiments, Studies carried on by the Department of Animal Husbandry and the Garden City Branch Experiment Station(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-11) Menzies, C.; Erhart, A.B.October 27, lambs were weighed, lotted, and started on test. Lambs were faced and tagged. Seventy-five lambs were shorn and all lambs, except those in lot 9, were drenched with 6 cc. of Trivermol drench. Half the lambs in each lot were implanted with 3 mgs. stilbestrol at the start of the test. Final weights were taken February 12 after 108 days of feeding. Lambs not shorn in October were shorn February 13. Standard feedlot ration consisted of whole grain sorghum, sorghum silage, alfalfa hay, and cottonseed meal. Lot 7 served as the feedlot control. Lot 9 was not drenched and was fed 30 rngs. hygromycin per lamb per day. Lot 10 was given 2.5 mgs. Tran-Q tranquilizer per lamb per day and lot 2 was drenched twice. December 30, 30 lambs in the "jackpot" lot were started on un exploratory cobalt study. Two hundred lambs were grazed on volunteer wheat pasture for the entire test. Fifty of these, lot 8, were fed Tran-Q tranquilizer in salt. Seventy-five of the remaining lambs were shorn at the start of the test. Twenty-five of the shorn lambs and 25 unshorn lambs were reimplanted with 3 mgs. stilbestrol 61 days after the start of the test. Lambs in lot 3 were grazed on irrigated wheat pasture.Item Open Access Metabolism of carotenoid pigments and Vitamin A by swine(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-11) Parrish, D.B.; Aubel, C.E.Previous work has indicated• that vitamin A utilization and storage are reduced when pigs are infected with roundworms. Hygromix (S. hygroscopicus fermentation product, Lilly) has been used to reduce worm, infection in growing pigs. This test was to determine whether pigs with worm infection made less effective use of provitamin A from dehydrated alfalfa than did pigs in which worm infestation was reduced by feeding Hygromix.Item Open Access The use of tranquilizer compounds in fattening rations for steers.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-11) Koch, B.A.; Smith, E.F.; Richardson, D.; McCarter, M.M.The steers used in this fattening trial were part of a larger group used in a wintering study reported on page 54 of Kansas Circular 358. At the beginning of the fattening period the ration was gradually changed from a high roughage, wintering type, to a high energy, fattening type. Individual calves remained in the same experimental groups as during the wintering trials but the groups were moved from the outdoor lots to concrete lots in which shelter was available.Item Open Access The value of Stilbestrol implants, Stilbestrol implants plus Aureomycin, and shelter for wintering steer calves(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Richardson, D.; Boren, Fred W.Forty-four good to choice Hereford steer calves from near Paducah, Texas, were assigned to four treatments on the basis of weight. All lots were fed identical high roughage rations. They received per head daily: 4.7 pounds of sorghum grain, 0.5 pound of soybean meal, 0.1 pound of bonemeal, and 3 pounds of alfalfa hay. Sorghum silage was fed according to appetite, and salt was offered free choice.Item Open Access Different methods of managing bluestem pastures(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Smith, E.F.; Anderson, K.L.; Koch, B.A.; Walker, G.L.; Boren, Fred W.Two-year-old Hereford steers with an average USDA feeder grade of High Good were used to stock the pastures. They had been purchased as calves from near Melrose, N.M., and had been used in this study as yearlings during the summer of 1957. During the winter of 1957-58 they were wintered on bluestem pasture and supplemented with about 2 pounds of soybean pellet per head daily until mid-January and were then moved to drylot and fed prairie hay with about 4 pounds of alfalfa hay per head daily. This ration was continued until May 1, 1958.Item Open Access Feeding two levels of alfalfa hay to heifer calves on winter bluestem pasture and a three-year summary(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Good, D.L.; Boren, Fred W.This experiment was designed to collect data in regard to the optimum level of alfalfa hay feeding for calves wintered on bluestem pasture. One group of heifers was fed twice as much alfalfa hay as another, but the supplemental total digestible nutrient intake was maintained at about the same level by feeding grain to heifers on the lower level of alfalfa hay. Two previous tests are reported in Circulars 349 and 358.Item Open Access The value of supplementary trace minerals and trace minerals plus bonemeal in a fattening ration(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Boren, Fred W.This is the fifth experiment in this series conducted to determine the value of added trace minerals in a typical cattle-fattening ration. The four previous experiments are reported in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Circulars 279, 308, 335, and 358. No response has been obtained when trace minerals were added to high roughage rations of sorghum silage, sorghum grain and a protein concentrate, or to a fattening ration or sorghum grain, prairie hay, and a protein concentrate. Improved performance has been obtained when trace minerals were added to fattening rations of corn, prairie hay, and a protein concentrate. Ground limestone has been fed in all the fattening trials to furnish adequate calcium.Item Open Access Wintering heifers on bluestem pasture; molasses vs. sorghum grain, soybean meal vs. soybean meal plus beef tallow(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Boren, Fred W.In this experiment two feeds were evaluated as possibilities for economically increasing gains on winter pasture. Molasses was self-fed to heifer calves in one pasture and compared with sorghum grain hand fed to heifer calves in another pasture. The dry matter intake was maintained at about the same level by varying the sorghum grain intake to equal molasses consumption. Soybean meal was fed as a source of protein to both lots. A third lot was fed soybean meal with beef tallow added to study beef tallow as a source of energy and to observe its effect on palatability. The beef tallow varied in percentage fed, but the soybean meal fed this lot contained an average of about 10 % tallow. Inedible stabilized bleachable fancy tallow was fed.Item Open Access Self-feeding ammoniated blackstrap molases to beef heifers.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Cox, R.F.; Boren, Fred W.Forty Hereford heifer calves from the same herd were divided as equally as possible on the basis of weight and conformation into four lots of 10 animals each. Animals in all lots received all the sorghum silage they would clean up each day.Item Open Access Fundamental studies of sorghum roughages and grains. A study of the value of pelleting sorghum grain.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Cox, R.F.; Boren, Fred W.Forty Hereford steer calves from the same herd were divided as equally as possible, on the basis of weight and conformation, into four lots of 10 animals each. Two additional steers became available 10 days after the test started and they were added to lot 3. The daily wintering ration consisted of 1 pound soybean oil meal, 5 pounds grain, 2 pounds alfalfa hay, and all the sorghum silage they would clean up. Salt and a mineral mixture of 2 parts steamed bonemeal and 1 part salt were fed free choice. The grain used was as follows: Lot 1, rolled sorghum grain; lot 2, cracked corn; lot 3, finely-ground, pelleted sorghum grain; lot 4, finely-ground sorghum grain. The fattening ration was the same except silage was removed after 32 days. An attempt was made to maintain the same level of grain in all lots.Item Open Access The value of implanting beef steer calves on fattening ration with Stilbestrol and Synovex pellets(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Boren, Fred W.Stilbestrol and Synovox implants are used with beef cattle to stimulate increased gains. This test was planned to study level of stilbestrol implant and the effect of stilbestrol and Synovex implants on rate of gain and carcass quality. Animals within each lot in Project 222 were randomly allotted to the various treatments of this test. Treatments were control (no implant), 24 mgs. stilbestrol implant, 36 mgs. stilbestrol implant, and Synovex implant. All implants were made at the base of the ear.Item Open Access Fundamental studies of sorghum roughages and grains. I. A study of the value of feeding the grain sorghum plant as silage and as dehydrated pellets. II. A study of the value of pelleting sorghum grain.(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Cox, R.F.; Keltz, O.J.; Boren, Fred W.Combine-type sorghum grain is widely grown in Kansas and normally only the grain is harvested. In many instances, moisture conditions are such at harvest time that grain cannot be stored without artificially drying. Sometimes there is danger of loss to immature grain because of an early freeze. One part of this test was to study the feasibility of harvesting the entire grain sorghum plant as silage or as dehydrated pellets. Previous tests have indicated greater utilization of finely ground pelleted sorghum grain than cracked sorghum grain. The second part of the test was further work in comparing the two methods of preparation. This report is on the wintering phase of the feedlot test.Item Open Access The effect of implanting beef heifers on a fattening ration with hormones or hormone-like substances(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-10-03) Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.; Koch, B.A.; Boren, Fred W.The increase in rate of gain from feeding stilbestrol to heifers is not so good as that obtained with steers. Implanting heifers with levels of stilbestrol recommended for steers results in undesirable side effects such as udder and teat development, high tailheads, and prolapse of the vagina in many instances. This is the second test designed to study the effect of low-level stilbestrol implanting (12 mgs.) and Synovex heifer implants (SH-7 contains 100 mgs. testosterone and 20 mgs. estradiol benzoate) on heifers being fattened for slaughter. Sixty heifers, six lots of 10 animals each, in Projects 536 and 537 were used in this test. Three animals from each lot were randomly selected to receive either the stilbestrol or Synovex implant, thus giving 18 animals per treatment. The remaining 4 animals per lot, total of 24, served as controls.
