Cattlemen's Day, 1972

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Open Access
Kansas meat marketing innovations
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Jensen, F.E.; Erickson, D.B.; Trieb, S.E.; Tuma, H.J.
The U.S. system of producing, marketing, and distributing farm products has been heralded as the world’s most efficient, with lower distribution costs than any other nation. Research continues to improve marketing through new methods and technology. Central cryogenic-frozen meat packaging is an example.
Open Access
Effect of organic acids on the preservation and feeding value reconstituted milo
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Bolsen, K.K.; Cox, O.J.; Drake, C.L.
The use of high moisture grain in beef cattle rations has increased during the past several years. It has improved feed efficiency of high energy rations five to 20 percent in previous research. Non-nutritional advantages of high moisture grain include: (1) earlier harvest to lengthen the harvest season and/or free land for other uses; (2) fewer field losses from shattering lodging, wind and early frost and (3) no artificial drying.
Open Access
Meat Shrinkage
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Leising, J.; Tuma, H.
Meat shrinkage is a major problem for the beef industry. Shrinkage (loss in weight) results from many factors: improper chilling, low humidity, not packaging, poor sanitation, or excessive ageing time. Most beef is chilled overnight (16-20 hrs.) at cooler temperatures of 25 to 40 ̊F. internal temperatures after 20 hours chill vary from 55 ̊to 70 ̊F depending on cooler conditions and carcass weight. During a normal chill cycle, beef carcasses shrink 6 to 12 pounds or 1-2% for 600-pound carcass with the shrink depending on many cooler and carcass factors. Various methods have been used to reduce moisture evaporation (shrink) by protecting the meat with a bag or wrapper and by controlling temperature and relative humidity. Information is limited concerning optimum chilling condition for maximum cooling efficiency with minimum shrinkage.
Open Access
Two-year summary: four hybrid sorghum grains fed in all-concentrate rations to steers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) McCollough, R.L.; Schalles, R.R.
This station has grown and fed the same four (yellow endosperm) hybrid sorghum grains (Funk G-766W, Acco R-l09, DeKalb E-57, and Northrup King 222) in an all-concentrate ration to steers two consecutive years. Results are summarized here.
Open Access
Performance and carcass characteristics of different cattle types—A preliminary report
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Tuma, H.J.; Allen, Dell M.; May, M.L.; Albrecht, M.D.; Dikeman, Michael E.
This report contains results from the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Cattle Germ Plasm Evaluation Program. Dr. Keith Gregory and Dr. Hudson Glimp, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, initiated and designed the cattle germ plasm evaluation program. Kansas State University and the Livestock Division, C&MS, U.S.D.A. are cooperating on the project.
Open Access
Part III: Digestibility of eight hybrid sorghum grains and three hybrid corns
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) McCollough, R.L.; Brent, B.E.
Apparent coefficient of digestion (COD) was determined for eight hybrid sorghum grains and three hybrid corns named in Part I.
Open Access
Feedlot performance of eight hybrid sorghum grains and three hybrid corns
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) McCollough, R.L.; Drake, C.L.; Roth, G.M.
A 126-day feedlot trial was used to determine feedlot performances and nutritional values of eight hybrid sorghum grains and three hybrid corns.
Open Access
Rations for performance testing bulls on a 140-day gain trial
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) McKee, M.; Evans, J.D.; Schalles, R.R.
Twenty-six Angus, Hereford, and Shorthorn bull calves were started on feed November 16, 1970, to study differences in protein content of rations. The bulls were from 184 to 302 days old. They were randomly assigned within breeds to one of three grain rations (see table 45) and individually fed free choice. The prairie hay they would clean up in 30 minutes was fed twice a day. They went from their pens into a large lot to exercise together approximately four hours a day.
Open Access
Nutritive value of eight hybrid sorghum grains and three hybrid corns compared in all-concentrate rations Hybrid sorghum and corn characteristics and methods used to nutritionally evaluate them
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) McCollough, R.L.
In 1971, Kansas produced 234 million bushels of sorghum grain worth $217,000,000, second only to Texas. Most of it is used as an energy source in livestock rations. Since the introduction of hybrid sorghum grain in 1956, yield has increased 25%.
Open Access
Evaluation of crossbred cows and crossbred bulls
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Schalles, R.R.; Zoellner, K.O.; Meier, R.J.
Crossbred cows are common but interested in using crossbred bulls is recent. Little information is available on use of crossbred bulls, so advice and recommendations have been based on genetic principles rather than research. Nine mating combinations are reported here from using purebred and high grade Hereford, Santa Gertrudis, and crosses of Hereford and Santa Gertrudis cows and bulls.
Open Access
Voluntary intake of cattle on range: esophageal and hand clipped forage samples compared
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Rao, M.R.; Harbers, L.H.; Smith, E.F.
To determine the nutritional value of an animals diet, it is necessary to know the amount of each kind of feed consumed and its digestibility. A problem in range and pasture nutrition is accurate assessment of chemical and botanical composition of diets. Little detailed information on nutritive value of range and pasture forage is available.
Open Access
Dust bags for fly control under range conditions
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Schalles, R.R.; Pitts, C.W. Jr.; McKee, M.; Evans, Jack
Cattlemen have traditionally used various methods to control horn flies and, more recently, face flies. Many methods used require various amounts of labor and handling of cattle. Most recent efforts have stressed minimum labor. Dust bags that cattle rub to disperse insecticide is such a method. A study of the dust bag method of fly control is reported here.
Open Access
Prevention of respiratory disease in weaning calves
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Schalles, R.R.; Milleret, R.J.; McKee, M.; Olson, J.R.; Evans, Jack; Carnahan, D.L.
Respiratory diseases of weanling calves are a continuous problem for ranchers. Each case is estimated to represent a $10 to $20 loss through veterinary costs, decreased gains, and death losses. There is also some question as to the effectiveness of certain preventative treatments. Few reliable experiments have compared medicative and management procedures of disease preventions. We evaluated preweaning vaccinations and weaning management practices.
Open Access
Starea, urea, and soybean meal compared in wintering rations for cows on bluestem pasture
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Tucker, L.L.; Harbers, L.H.; Smith, E.F.
During the winter of 1970-71, 63 six-year-old, non-lactating, pregnant Hereford cows were divided into eight groups to compare a soybean meal-sorghum grain supplement with supplements containing either urea, Starea 44 (an expansion-processed mixture of sorghum grain and urea), or sorghum grain only (Bulletin 546, 1971, p. 28). Cows were fed each morning six days a week, 7 days' feed each six days. They had access to water, a salt-mineral-vitamin mix (55.1% salt; 36.7% dicalcium phosphate; 8.2% vitamin A premix) fed free-choice, and native winter pasture (table 38).
Open Access
A new approach to Polioencephalomalacia (PEM)
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Brent, B.E.; Lusby, K.S.; Kobuszewski, J.A.; Parks, J.C.
Polioencephalomalacia (PEM) is a disorder of the ruminant central nervous system characterized by sudden onset and rapid death. At autopsy, the brain may be swollen and cerebral cortex degenerated. Early symptoms may include disorientation and muscular in coordination. Affected animals may push against fences or other objects with their heads. More commonly, they are found dead or in a coma. If central nervous system damage is not excessive, animals with early symptoms respond to massive injections of thiamine, but may not recover coordination.
Open Access
Whole corn rations for finishing heifers: A comparison of self-fed and mixed supplement, with and without salt.
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Harbers, L.H.; Harrison, K.F.; Richardson, D.; Smith, E.F.
Twenty-four Hereford x Angus heifers averaging 714 lbs. were allotted by weight to four groups of six animals each to study effects on gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency of: 1. Free-choice whole corn without roughage. 2. Protein supplement either mixed with whole corn or supplied seperately (free-choice). 3. Omitting salt
Open Access
Starea, urea, or soybean meal as a protein source in growing and finishing cattle rations
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Tucker, L.L.; Harbers, L.H.
Use of urea in beef cattle rations, particularly in rations containing high levels of roughage (growing-type rations), has been limited by urea’s toxicity, segregation and mixing problems, palatability, and poor use by animals. We compared soybean meal, Starea® (44% protein equivalent), Starea ® (60% protein equivalent), a milo-urea pellet, and a urea-infused milo berry material as protein (nitrogen) supplements in growing-type rations. Animals used in a nitrogen-balance study were then fed a 70% concentrate ration, receiving the same sources of protein.
Open Access
Effect of feeding insecticide to cattle on growing and finishing rations
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Harbers, L.H.; Pitts, C.W.; Harrision, K.F.; Tucker, L.L.; Smith, E.F.
A convenient method to control flies in cattle manure is adding an insecticide to the ration. The chemical passes through the digestive tract and effectively controls fly larvae in the manure. It may also influence animal performance. We added an insecticide at 50 p.p.m. to a high roughage growing ration and to an all-concentrate finishing ration and measured performance by growth, feed intake, and feed efficiency in steers and heifers.
Open Access
Feedlot performance of nine hybrid sorghum grains fed to steers winter, 1971-1972
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) McCollough, R.L.; Riley, Jack G.; Drake, C.L.; Roth, G.M.
Previous trials here indicated a possible difference in nutritional values of different hybrid sorghum grains with yellow endosperm hybrids being superior to white endosperm. We compared feedlot performance of yellow endosperm, white endosperm, all waxy (amylopectin type starch), and part waxy hybrid sorghum grains.
Open Access
Effect of maturity stage on the nutritive vaule of native grass hay
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-03-11) Rao, M.R.; Harbers, L.H.; Latschar, A.M.; Smith, E.F.
The evaluation of pastures by esophageally fistulated steers requires artificial rumen techniques to determine digestibilities of grasses. To develop a regression curve between data obtained by an artificial rumen and those from a grazing animal, we conducted a series of metabolism studies and artificial rumen trials using native prairie hay from the Flint Hill area cut at three maturity stages.