Livestock Feeders' Day, 1952

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Open Access
Digestibility of finely ground, cracked, and rolled milo grain.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Parrish, D.B.
A digestion trial was conducted with 12 steers which were allotted into three lots of 4 steers each. A ration of sorghum silage (Tennessee Orange), soybean oil meal pellets and milo grain, salt and ground limestone was fed to each lot. Lot 1 received finely ground milo, Lot 2 cracked milo, and Lot 3 rolled milo.
Open Access
Methods of wintering yearling steers on bluestem pasture.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Cox, R.F.; Fansher, S.B.
Thirty head of good quality, about 750-pound, Hereford yearling steers were used in the test which was started December 7, 1951. The steers were purchased in the spring of 1951 and had been grazed on bluestem pasture during the summer and fall. They carried a moderate amount of flesh. They lost some flesh during October and November when they were on grass alone prior to the start of winter tests. The steers were sprayed twice with B.H.C. for lice. All of the pastures in which the steers were wintered had been grazed the previous summer at normal stocking rates but a plentiful supply or dry grass remained. From 6 to 13 acres of pasture were allowed each steer.
Open Access
Effect of feeding a protein supplement during the latter part of the grazing season to two-year-old steers on bluestem pasture.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Cox, R.F.
The nutritive value of bluestem pasture usually begins to decline rapidly after mid-summer. This test is concerned with what effect the feeding of protein supplement after mid-summer will have on cattle gains and condition. It is hoped that by starting the feeding at different times the most opportune time to start feeding may be determined.
Open Access
The effect of antibiotics (Aureomycin-BI2 supplement) on weanling pigs on alfalfa pasture
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Aubel, C.E.
Recently much has been written on the use of antibiotics in swine nutrition. Research has shown that different vitamin B12-antibiotic supplements stimulate gains in growing and fattening swine. Some problems, however, present themselves. First, is it necessary to feed the antibiotic supplement until the pig reaches market weight to get the full benefit of the stimulated gain, or does the stimulation resulting from feeding this supplement during early growth carryover into the fattening stage of the hog's development? Another problem that is apparent in the use of the B12-antibiotic supplement is the relative efficiency of the antibiotics in plant protein supplement diets and in mixed plant and animal protein supplement diets. Furthermore, is antibiotic feeding as effective with pasture-fed pigs as with dry lot-fed pigs? Experiments were conducted last summer and winter at this station with weanling pigs to determine some of the practical applications of antibiotic feeding. Lederle's Aurofac, the vitamin B12 and antibiotic feed supplement used in the experiments, was obtained from Lederle Laboratories Division, American Cyanamid Company, New York. It contained approximately 1.8 mg. of vitamin B12 and 1.8 grams aureomycin per pound. When mixed in the protein supplements, 3 pounds of Aurofac were used to each 100 pounds of the protein supplement. This amount was estimated to give the pigs about 0.5 percent of the aureomycin supplement in their total ration.
Open Access
Methods of wintering yearling steers on dry bluestem pasture.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Cox, R.F.
This test is to determine if yearling steers can be wintered satisfactorily on dry bluestem pasture. Different protein supplements as well as methods of feeding them on dry bluestem pasture are being tested. Forty head of good quality Hereford yearling steers, four lots, 10 head to a lot, were used in this test. All lots were wintered on dry bluestem pasture. Each lot had sufficient dry grass to winter on; the acreage varied from 6 acres per head for one lot to 19 acres per head for another lot. All pastures had been normal stocked the previous grazing season.
Open Access
Factors affecting gains
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Bell, F.W.; Smith, E.F.; Smith, W.H.
Cattle in the same feedlot differ considerably in their rate of gain. These differences in ability to gain can be explained only by difference in characteristics of individual animals, since all are under the same conditions of feeding and care. In this study, we are trying to determine what differences in thin cattle are reliable indications of gaining ability. A record of several characteristics is made of each animal at the beginning of the feeding trials.
Open Access
The value of trace minerals in a wintering and fattening ration. Self-feeding grain in dry lot vs. self-feeding grain on bluestem pasture.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Cox, R.F.
This is a report of the wintering phase of this test. Following this phase the different lots will be grazed together on bluestem pasture and then full-fed grain until they grade choice. One objective of the test is to find out the effect of trace mineralized salt containing iodine, copper, cobalt, iron, and manganese on the performance of steer calves on wintering rations and on a full feed of grain. Another phase of the test is to compare self-feeding grain in dry to self-feeding grain on grass for calve handled in the deferred full-feeding program. The system of deferred full-feeding using good quality steer claves consists of three phases: (1) producing 225-250 pounds of gain during the winter; (2) grazing 90 days without grain; (3) full-feeding 100 days in the dry lot.
Open Access
The effect of withholding salt on the growth and condition of steers, 1951-52.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Parrish, D.B.; Splitter, E.J.
Twenty head of good quality Hereford steer calves were used in the test. They were a part of the heavy end of a group of 150 calves purchased in the vicinity of Marfa, Texas, for experimental tests. There are two lots, 10 head to a lot, and both lots are being self-fed a ground milo grain and chopped alfalfa hay mixture at the rate of 3 pounds of milo grain to 1 pound of alfalfa hay. Lot 1 has free access to salt, whereas salt is being withheld from Lot 2.
Open Access
The effect of withholding salt on the growth and condition of steers.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Parrish, D.B.; Splitter, E.J.
This test was to find what effect the withholding of salt has on the performance of steers on either fattening rations or wintering rations. Forty-two head of good quality Hereford steer calves were used in the test. There were four lots, 10 head to each lot, except that one lot contained 12 head. Two of the lots were full-fed grain and two of the lots were fed wintering rations. For the two lots receiving wintering rations, the test was determined May 2, 1951. The two lots on a full feed of grain were fed until July 9, 1951. The two lots on a full feed of grain were fed until July 8, 1951. A feedstuff analysis of the feeds used in the test may be found on page-of this bulletin.
Open Access
Comparison of different methods of managing bluestem pastures.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Anderson, K.L.
The objectives of this experiment are to determine the effects of different stocking rates, deferred and rotation grazing, and burning on livestock gains, productivity of pastures, and the vegetation itself. Results are reported here for the third year of the experiment. Only two years’ results on burning and understocking have been obtained. The results for 1949 and 1950 may be found in Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Circulars 265 and 273, respectively.
Open Access
Wintering heifer calves that are to be fattened for the summer or early fall market.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Good, D.L.; Cox, R.F.
Forty-five good quality Hereford heifer calves were purchased in south-central Kansas for use in this test. They were fed silage, prairie hay, 1 pound of protein, and 2 pounds of milo grain per head daily until the test started December 11, 1951. The 5 lightest heifers were cut off and the 40 remaining were divided into four lots of 10 heifers each.
Open Access
Project 253-3: Wintering, grazing and fattening heifers.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, E.F.; Cox, R.F.; Good, D.L.; Mackintosh, D.L.
Seventy good quality Hereford heifer calves were purchased for $31.50 a hundredweight in east central Kansas and received October 1, 1951. The pay weight was 425 pounds per head. It was necessary to dehorn most of the heifers after they were received. They were started on test November 30, 1951, at an average weight of about 440 pounds. Five heifers were removed from different lots during the wintering period, two because of lead paint poisoning and three because of no gain.
Open Access
The relation of physical balance and energy value in sheep rations. A comparison of different roughages combined with two levels of concentrate allowance for wintering ewe lambs.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Bell, T.D.; Cox, R.F.; Richardson, D.; Parrish, D.B.; Hughes, J.S.
In the winter of 1951-52 a test was made of the response of ewe lambs to rations containing different proportions of roughages, and concentrates as well as of their response to rations made up of some of the more common roughages found in Kansas. The ewe lambs, which were of three breeding types, were secured from Southern Utah; they will be used in the subsequent breeding studies. The lambs were divided into six lots with uniform distribution of the lambs of different breeding into the various lots. The roughages compared were long alfalfa hay, ground Atlas stover, and Atlas silage in combination with prairie hay. Cottonseed meal was added to supply protein to all of the rations, and milo grain was also given in those three lots where a higher ratio of crude fiber to T.D.N. was desired. Originally, the experiments were planned for two lots of lambs to receive each of the three roughages or a combination of roughages, One of the two lots was fed a ration with a fiber-T.D.N. ratio of 1: 2, and the other lot a crude fiber-T.D.N. ratio of 1: 3. Because of limited digestive capacities and the lack of palatability of some of the roughages used, these ratios could not be maintained. The accompanying table gives the rations fed in the various lots, the crude fiber-T.D.N. rations and the response of the lambs, to the various rations.
Open Access
Improvement of beef cattle through breeding methods.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Smith, W.; Smith, E.; Ibsen, H.L.; Holland, L.
The purebred Shorthorn herd maintained at Manhattan is being used as a primary basis for the purebred cattle breeding investigations which started at the Kansas station three years ago. The project is still in its preliminary stages, and the systems of breeding which have been adopted were regulated primarily by the pedigrees of the foundation females in the original college herd. The project has been designed to facilitate the collection of product. ion data which will be used to devise testing and breeding procedures useful to cattlemen for the improvement of beef cattle, through breeding methods.
Open Access
A comparison of rolled, coarsely ground, and finely ground milo grain for fattening steer calves.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Cox, R.F.; Smith, E.F.
Good to choice quality Hereford steer calves were used in this test. There were three lots, 10 head to a lot, all being fed the same except for the difference in grain preparation. The calves originated in the vicinity of Sonora, Texas. They were maintained on a roughage ration properly supplemented for about six weeks prior to starting on test on December 5, 1950. They were sprayed with B.H.C. for lice. At the start of the test, they were fed all of the sorghum silage they would clean up each day, 2 pounds of alfalfa hay and 1 ½ pounds of soybean oil meal pellets per head daily.
Open Access
Wintering steer calves on alfalfa silage.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Cox, R.F.; Smith, E.F.
Eighteen good quality Hereford steer calves were used in the test. They were part of a group of 150 steer calves obtained from Marfa, Texas, for experimental purposes. They were divided into two lots of 3 head each and started on test December 22, 1951. Both lots were given free access to a mineral mixture and salt. Lot 1 was fed nonwilted alfalfa silage, and Lot 2 was fed wilted alfalfa silage. No preservation was added to either silage. Each type of silage was stored separately in small tile silos. The silage was made from second cutting alfalfa approaching bloom. The nonwilted silage was somewhat more mature than the wilted silage. The calves were fed all of the silage they would eat twice daily.
Open Access
Salt research with feeder lambs.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-25) Hix, E.L.; Bell, T.D.; Parrish, D.B.; Good, A.L.
The consumption of salt by herbivorous animals in general, and their apparent relish for salt, have been recognized for many years, but its importance may be questioned by many because of lack of knowledge of both the practical and fundamental aspects. It is commonly believed that the large amounts of potassium in feeds are antagonistic to the animal’s body sodium, and this potassium causes an excretion or loss of sodium which may be adequately replaced only by practical salt (NaCl) supplementation of the feed or ration. However, this belief has not been established conclusively in all of its elaborations designed to explain why these herbivorous animals require supplemental salt.
Open Access
Comparative lambing dates of untreated ewes and ewes treated with various hormone preparations.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-19) Bell, T.D.; Smith, W.H.
Approximately 1000 commercial ewes of different ages and types, and 400 purebred ewes of three different breeds, were included in the study. Three hormone preparations available on the market and similar to others being offered for sale were used. One of these was a gonadotropic hormone prepared from dried sheep pituitaries; another was a synthetic estrogenic (or heat producing) hormone known as Stilbesterol; and the third product used was a naturally occurring estrogenic material obtained from pregnancy urine. Different groups of ewes in each flock were given these preparations during the early part of June, 1951, and their subsequent breeding and lambing dates compared with groups within each flock that were untreated. The accompanying table gives the results of the study on the commercial ewes.
Open Access
Methods of wintering steer calves that are to be grazed a full season and sold off grass.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-19) Smith, E.F.; Good, D.L.; Cox, R.F.
This is a report on the wintering phase of this test. It will be completed at the close of the grazing season in 1952. This study is to determine the best method of wintering good quality steer calves that are to be grazed on bluestem pastures the following summer and sold off grass.
Open Access
Feedlot and milo stubble fattening tests with feeder lambs.
(Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2012-01-19) Bell, T.D.; Erhart, A.B.
The lambs in this year's experiment’s were secured directly from the mountain range in Southern Utah, and included Columbia-Rambouillet crosses as well as lambs of Suffolk-Ramhouillet breeding. They averaged 76 pounds at the range shipping point and 68 pounds-off the cars at Garden City; after a period of 50 days of pasture and roughage feeding they were started on the experimental tests weighing 78 pounds. The lambs were lotted into eight groups of 60 lambs each and given Standard western rations of sorghum stover, sorghum grain, protein supplement, and limestone. After two lots of lambs reached an average daily grain ration of 1 pound per head ,they were turned into milo stubble. One lot was given alfalfa. hay as a supplement and the other lot was given soybean pellets.