Swine Day, 1978
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Open Access The evaluation of Virginiamycin in feed as a treatment for swine dysentery in heavy (more than 120 lbs.) hogs(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:40:05Z) Schoneweis, D.A.Virginiamycin at 100 grams per ton of feed was effective as a treatment against swine dysentery. The only pig receiving Virginiamycin that died during treatment had concurrent gangrenous pneumonia --probably the major cause of death. The pigs receiving the feed with Virginiamycin were more alert and ate more than the controls--which resulted in more weight gain and improved feed conversion. The Virginiarnycin did not clear up all signs of dysentery as several pigs continued to have diarrhea. Pigs that had been on Virginiamycin began to break with dysentery six days after the antibiotic was withdrawn and a pig weighing 234 pounds died of acute swine dysentery on the eleventh day of the observation period. This experiment using heavy finishing pigs indicated that Virginiamycin was effective as a treatment, but that it should be fed continually up to slaughter after a recent acute outbreak of swine dysentery.Item Open Access Myoclonia congenita (trembling piglets)(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:39:54Z) Leipold, H.W.; Scarsi, R.; Schoneweis, D.; Milleret, R.; Phillips, R.An epidemiologic survey was conducted on ten swine farms in Kansas and two in Nebraska (1878 piglets in 251 litters) to determine the incidence, clinical signs, and cause of myoclonia corrgenita. The percentage of litters with myoclonia congenita was 37.45%, ranging from 4.35% to 100%. Morbidity rate was 37.5%, which is lower than rates in previous surveys in the United States. Mortality rate in all pigs was 17.73% while the fatality rate of affected pigs was 47.2%.Item Open Access Teat necrosis in newborn gilts(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:39:42Z) Schoneweis, D.A.Marked enlargement and edema of the vulva are often noted in newborn gilts. An accompanying, but less conspicuous, lesion is enlarged, engorged mammary glands. Although not fully understood, the changes are thought to result from increased estrogen in sows before they farrow. The edema of the vulva usually causes no lasting problems but enlarged mammary glands are more susceptible to injury from a rough surface like concrete slats. Such injuries may lead to teat necrosis and fibrosis, which makes nipples appear inverted and they are often nonfunctional when the gilts farrow. The incidence of teat necrosis can be reduced by carpeting or other materials that protect pigs underlines from rough surfaces. Applying a protectant like Knee-Kote® to the underline of the gilts shortly after they are born and again whenever they are handled the first few days of life may further reduce the incidence.Item Open Access Arthrogryposis in piglets(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:38:46Z) Leipold, H.W.; Ely, R.; Schoneweis, D.This report documents experimental reproduction of tetramelic arthrogryposis in purebred Yorkshire swine by breeding trials. Data from the trials indigated arthrogryposis may be due to homozygosity of a simple autosomal recessive gene. No affected pig was observed to be alive at parturition, although most had been alive in utero just prior to delivery. Other than dystocia observed in the sows, no other significant clinical findings were noted. The condition was noted in five litters from two sows which were bred to the same boar. Approximately 25% of the pigs exhibited the clinical signs of arthrogryposis which included malformed rigidly extended legs.Item Open Access Evaporative cooling systems for swine(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:38:34Z) Ames, D.R.; Nichols, David A.; Hines, Robert H.; dnicholsDuring heat stress swine must rely an evaporation as a mechanism for heat loss. Providing water via sprinklers, showers, and foggers is a practical method of reducing heat stress. It is imperative in any evaporative system that animals are permitted to dry, because the evaporation of water is fundamental to evaporative cooling. Ideally, hogs should be wetted and then given time to dry, followed by successive wetting and drying. Studies are under way to investigate various systems of wetting hogs to take maximum advantage of evaporative cooling.Item Open Access Selection for muscling in Durocs(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:38:21Z) Wheat, J.D.; Kropf, Donald H.; Na-Lampang, P.; Hines, Robert H.; dkropfSelect line pigs were compared with those in the control line for growth patterns, production traits, and carcass quality. Heritability and genetic correlations were calculated for certain production and carcass traits after five generations of selection.Item Open Access Effect of adding fat to diets during late gestation and lactation(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:38:10Z) Allee, G.L.; Salava, J.Recent research at the University of Nebraska suggest that feeding sows high level of fat (15-20%) during late gestation and lactation may increase energy stores in the newborn pig and increase their survival. Adding fat to sows diets increases the fat content of the milk and therefore increases its energy content. The present studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding 6% fat to sows and gilts during late gestation and lactation on pig survival and performance from birth to weaning (14 or 21 days).Item Open Access Evaluation of a concentrated milk replacer and a vitamin-amino acid-iron-electrolyte supplement on baby pig survival and performance(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:37:59Z) Schoneweis, D.A.; Hines, Robert H.Litters offered a concentrated milk replacer and the vitamin amino acid, iron-electrolyte supplement, weighed the same as control litters at day 10, 14, 21, and 28. Blood analysis revealed no difference in packed cell volume, hemoglobin, or plasma protein between litters offered the supplement and control litters. Survival rate from birth to weaning favored the control litters (93.9 or 85.3%), however all nineteen litters used in this study were healthy with very little scours observed.Item Open Access The relationship between body measurements and performance traits of selected barrows carried to heavy weights(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:35:38Z) Carnahan, D.H.; Hines, Robert H.Forty-seven Yorkshire barrows were selected for large and small scale test groups by using body height and length as a selection index. Initially the index between groups differed; however, the same measurements gave indexes that were nearly equal when the pigs weighed 210 and 300 lbs. Large scale barrows gained faster per day than did small scale barrows from start to 210 lbs; however, there were no differences in feed efficiency or backfat thickness. No differences were observed between scale groups fed to 300 lbs for the traits of average daily gain, feed efficiency, backfat thickness, carcass length, or loin eye area. Head measurements correlated poorly with performance and carcass traits. Pigs with the larger heartgirths and wider chests grew faster, but because they also had more backfat, they yielded a lower percentage of lean cuts. Pigs that had more bone and larger tail circumference and were longer tended to be the leaner pigs.Item Open Access Managing the breeding herd(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:35:04Z) Davis, Duane L.; davisSuccessful swine producers pay careful attention to the breeding herd. The members of our producer panel will present three approaches to managing reproduction. Their ideas are of particular interest since each is a successful manager. This paper will serve as an outline of topics to be discussed. Basically the same problems occur in all common management systems; however, particular problems may be exaggerated under certain conditions. A well-known example is failure of gilts to reach puberty at an acceptable age. While some producers in all types of facilities experience this problem, complaints are considerably more frequent when gilts are bred in confinement. Because of confinement's negative effect, a good deal of research is in progress to determine what factors can influence puberty in gilts. Since the problem of delayed puberty also occurs in outside lots, this knowledge should be beneficial to all hog producers. Similarly, studying the way producers handle replacement gilts in different types of facilities should suggest ways of improving management under all circumstances.Item Open Access Using oral E. Coli milk vaccine to control colibacillosis(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:34:27Z) Schoneweis, D.A.; Gaeth, V.Colibacillosis is still a costly disease to swine producers in spite of new antibiotics and other products and procedures used to prevent or treat the disease. A recent aid in controlling the disease is the oral E. coli milk vaccine developed by Dr. Irvin Kohler. It consists of isolating a pathogenic E. coli from the herd and feeding the organism to pregnant sows to stimulate colostral antibodies. It is a giant step forward from the earlier recommendation of the late Dr. Howard Dunne who suggested taking the bedding and feces from the farrowing house and feeding it to pregnant sows to elevate the antibody content of the colostrum.Item Open Access Pelleting corn-soybean meal swine diets(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:34:11Z) Skoch, E.R.; Binder, S.F.; Deyoe, C.W.; Allee, G.L.; Behnke, Keith C.; kbfeedOne hundred forty-six pigs were used to study the effects of steam pelleting a corn-soybean meal diet on pig performance. Treatments included ground meal, meal steam conditioned to 80 C (176 ̊F) before pelleting, meal pelleted without steam conditioning, and a meal diet with 2% molasses replacing corn. Steam-conditioning the meal before pelleting resulted in less starch damage, and less electrical energy was required for pelleting. Pellet durability was considerably increased with steam conditioning. None of the processing methods studied caused significant (P<.05) improvement in daily gain, feed efficiency, or energy digestibility for weanling pigs. A significant improvement (P<.05) over the control diet in feed efficiency and energy digestibility, was found with either pelleting treatment for grower-finisher pigs. However, daily gain was not significantly (P<.05) improved.Item Open Access Modification of KSU swine finishing facility hovers, floors, or supplemental heat(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:33:58Z) Koch, B.A.; Allee, G.L.; Hines, Robert H.Two trials were conducted to evaluate the benefits of modifying the KSU swine finishing barn by adding hovers, flooring, or both with and without supplemental heat. In trial 1, pigs with no supplemental heat, hover or floor gained significantly poorer than pigs with supplemental heat plus floor, supplemental heat plus hover and floor, or no heat and floor. Pigs with no heat but with hover, floor or both gained similarly with pigs having the benefit of supplemental heat plus modifications. Average daily gain and feed per lb gain were similar for pigs exposed to supplemental heat and those exposed to no supplemental heat. These data would suggest that finishing pigs (100 lbs plus) can perform satisfactorily without supplemental heat, if a hover or floor is provided. The second trial was conducted during March, April, and May, at which time the average temperature was above 50F, consequently no differences were observed in pig performance due to building modifications.Item Open Access Evaluation of various antibiotics on growth rate and feed efficiency of finishing pigs(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:33:48Z) Allee, G.L.; Noll, M.We used 150 Yorkshire finishing pigs averaging 120 lbs initially to evaluate the following antibotics: Tylan, Stafac, Oleandomycin, and Flavomycin on rate and efficiency of gain. The trial ended when pigs within a replicate averaged approximately 220 lbs. There were no significant differences in rate or efficiency of gain by pigs fed nonmedicated or medicated diets.Item Open Access Effects of feeding a heat processed, predigested liquid diet to three-week old weanling pigs(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:33:31Z) Binder, S.F.; Skoch, E.R.; Deyoe, C.W.; Allee, G.L.; Behnke, Keith C.; kbfeedOne hundred forty, three-week old weanling pigs were used to evaluate the effects of feeding a heat-processed, predigested liquid diet. In Trial I, pigs were randomly allotted to a dry crumbled diet or a processed liquid diet. The basal corn-soybean meal diet contained 20% protein. A preference trial and a digestion trial were also conducted using the same treatments. A second feeding trial was conducted using a basal diet which contained 30% whey. Treatments consisted of a dry meal diet, a dry meal + water diet, and a processed liquid diet.Item Open Access Performance of pigs fed corn, sorghum, or wheat with 0 or 4% added fat(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:33:20Z) Allee, G.L.We used 96 crossbred pigs averaging 8.3 kg (19.3 lbs.) to compare performances with sorghum, corn, or wheat with 0 or 4% added fat (tallow). The trial ended when pigs averaged approximately 220 pounds. Grain source (sorghum, corn, or wheat) did not affect average daily gain or feed efficiency of pigs during any ration phase (starter, grower, or finisher). Adding fat (to each grain ration) reduced feed intake and improved feed efficiency during each ration phase. The greatest improvement in feed efficiency from added fat was during the finishing phase.Item Open Access Effect of fat thickness and temperature on ADG and F/G ratio in finishing swine(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:33:09Z) Nichols, David A.; Ames, D.R.; Allee, G.L.; Hines, Robert H.Fat and lean pigs were observed at temperatures of 0(32F), 5(41F), 10(50F), 15(59F), and 20C(68F). In comparing fat and lean pigs no significant differences were observed in feed-to-gain ratio or average daily gain. Pigs housed at 32 and 41F gained significantly slower and less efficiently than those housed at 50, 59, or 68F. No differences in performance were observed among the last three groups. Increased huddling, longer hair coats and increased shivering were observed at the lower temperatures.Item Open Access Effect of feeding oats and oat hulls on performance of weanling pigs(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, 2010-05-06T18:32:59Z) Thulin, A.J.; Allee, G.L.; Hines, Robert H.Two hundred twenty-eight Yorkshire pigs, weaned at 5 weeks of age and averaging 8.4 kg. (18.46 lbs) were used to determine how feeding them various levels of oats, oat hulls, and oats plus fat would effect their performance. Adding oats or oat hulls to increase fiber content of the diets resulted in similar rates of gain, even though the diets contained up to 7.3% fiber. Pigs fed a diet containing 7.3% fiber, however had significantly poorer feed efficiency and daily feed intake than pigs fed the other diets tested. Pigs fed diets containing 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% oats had slightly improved rates of gain and feed efficiency than pigs fed the control diet.
