Pullen, Michael G.Wolter, BenjaminWang, XuTong, Xiao-MinSclafani, MicheleBaudisch, MatthiasPires, HugoSchröter, Claus DieterUllrich, JoachimPfeifer, ThomasMoshammer, RobertEberly, J. H.Biegert, Jens2019-04-182019-04-182017-09-05http://hdl.handle.net/2097/39579Citation: Pullen, M. G., Wolter, B., Wang, X., Tong, X.-M., Sclafani, M., Baudisch, M., … Biegert, J. (2017). Transition from nonsequential to sequential double ionization in many-electron systems. Physical Review A, 96(3), 033401. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.96.033401Understanding strong-field double ionization of many-electron systems is an important fundamental problem with potential implications for molecular imaging within this regime. Using mid-IR radiation, we unambiguously identify the transition from nonsequential (e, 2e) to sequential double ionization in Xe at an intensity below 1014W/cm2. Ionization from excited orbitals is found to be decisive at low intensities, but we demonstrate that such mechanisms are unimportant in the sequential regime. We utilize these facts to successfully image a molecular dication using laser-induced electron diffraction. This methodology can be used to study molecular dynamics on unprecedented few-femtosecond time scales.en-USThis Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).https://journals.aps.org/authors/transfer-of-copyright-agreementhttps://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/?language=enElectron & positron scatteringElectron correlation calculations for atoms & ionsMultiphoton or tunneling ionization & excitationUltrafast phenomenaText