Therapeutic Strategies for Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)

Abstract

This literature review investigates emerging therapeutic strategies for Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), a progressive autoimmune disease marked by chronic spinal inflammation and pathological bone formation. Traditional biologic treatments reduce inflammation but do not regenerate damaged tissue or halt disease progression. This review explores two emerging therapeutic strategies—regenerative tissue engineering and targeted drug delivery—as innovative approaches for AS treatment. By analyzing recent literature involving mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, biomaterial scaffolds, and nanoparticle-based drug systems, the paper evaluates how these technologies—successfully applied in other medical fields—could be adapted to AS. The findings highlight the potential of hybrid therapeutic solutions that address both immune modulation and tissue regeneration, offering a pathway toward more effective and lasting clinical outcomes.