A Q factor analysis of college undergraduate students’ study behaviors

Abstract

This study attempted to better understand the study behaviors of undergraduate students by categorizing students into distinctive typologies based on their self-reported study behaviors through an exploratory approach -- Q factor analysis. A sample of 152 undergraduate students completed a survey instrument, the Study Behavior Inventory. The Q factor analysis yielded a two-factor structure. Participants exhibiting the first behavioral type demonstrated reflective, well-organized study behaviors and favored high-level thinking; thus were described as “Organized Holistic Learners”. Those exhibiting the second behavioral type were found to manage time poorly and primarily focus on memorizing facts; thus were labeled “Disorganized Procrastinators”. Type 1 students had significantly higher average GPAs than Type 2 students. Student type was a significant predictor of academic achievement, as measured by self-reported GPA above and beyond students’ attribute variables including sex, age, major, and enrollment status. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.