Improvement of a three-tier wireless sensor network for environment monitoring

dc.contributor.authorWang, Xuen_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-10-01T13:28:41Z
dc.date.available2014-10-01T13:28:41Z
dc.date.graduationmonthDecemberen_US
dc.date.issued2014-10-01
dc.date.published2014en_US
dc.description.abstractA three-tier wireless sensor network (WSN) was developed and deployed to remotely monitor suspended sediment concentration and stream velocity in real-time. Two years of field experiments have demonstrated the achievement of such capabilities. But several weak points emerged and required essential performance improvement and additional research on the radio propagation mechanism within the original three-tier WSN. In the original three-tier WSN, long time delay, potential data loss, and limited network throughput all restricted the network transmission performance. Upon the above issues, the transmission delay was reduced through shortening the raw data storage buffer and the data packet length; the data loss rate was decreased by adopting a mechanism using semaphores and adding feedback after data transmission; the network throughput was enlarged through the event- and time-driven scheduling method. In order to find a long-range wireless transmission method as an alternative to the commercial cellular service used in the original WSN, a central station using meteor burst communication (MBC) technology was developed and deployed. During an 8-month field test, it was capable of performing long distance communication with a low data loss rate and transmission error rate. But due to unstable availability of the meteor trails, the MBC network throughput was constrained. To reduce in-situ maintenance, over-the-air programming was implemented. Thus, programs running in the central station and the gateway station can be updated remotely. To investigate the radio propagation in densely vegetative areas, a 2.4 GHz radio propagation path loss model was derived to predict the short-range path loss from the path loss in the open area and the path loss due to dense vegetation. In addition, field experiments demonstrated that ambient air temperature, relative humidity, and heavy rainfall could also affect wireless signal strength.en_US
dc.description.advisorNaiqian Zhangen_US
dc.description.degreeDoctor of Philosophyen_US
dc.description.departmentDepartment of Biological & Agricultural Engineeringen_US
dc.description.levelDoctoralen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipDepartment of Biological and Agricultural Engineeringen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2097/18355
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherKansas State Universityen
dc.subjectWireless sensor networken_US
dc.subjectEnvironment monitoringen_US
dc.subject.umiEngineering, Agricultural (0539)en_US
dc.titleImprovement of a three-tier wireless sensor network for environment monitoringen_US
dc.typeDissertationen_US

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