Cattlemen's Day, 1980

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Open Access
Factors influencing net income from steers through feedlot
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Schalles, R.R.; Zoellner, K.O.; Long, K.
Calves that gained rapidly before going into the feedlot continued to gain rapidly on feed and were more profitable to both the cow-calf operator and the feeder. When fed to their genetic potential, large frame, heavy, young cattle were worth more to the cattle industry than light calves.
Open Access
Effects of location and crushing Ralgro implants on cattle performance (summary of three trials)
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Corah, L.R.; Plegge, S.D.; Francis, G.
Implanting at an alternate location (in the muscle or fat pad at the base of the ear) or crushing the pellets did not appear to cause side effects or adversely affect animal performance. However, implanting at the alternate location significantly improved (6.6%) average daily gain in all three trials. Based on these and other studies, the recommended location for Ralgro implants is as close to the base of the ear as possible.
Open Access
Grain dust for finishing cattle
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Axe, D.; Ilg, H.; Bolsen, K.; Behnke, Keith C.
Two finishing trials with heifers and steers were conducted to determine the value of grain dust (GD) to replace cracked corn and to compare soybean meal and urea as protein supplements. Results of the 104-day heifer trial showed that 50% GD supported the least efficient gains. Heifers fed 0 and 25% GD rations had similar performances. In the 75-day steer trial, replacing 12.5 or 25% of the cracked corn in the ration with GD did not affect rate of gain. However, steers fed the GD rations consumed more feed and were less efficient than steers fed the cracked corn, control ration. In both trials, soybean meal and urea supplements gave similar rates and efficiencies of gain.
Open Access
Lasalocid or Rumensin to prevent lactic acidosis in cattle
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Dennis, S.M.; Avery, T.B.; Bartley, E.E.; Galitzer, S.J.; Nagaraja, Tiruvoor G.; tnagaraj
Lasalocid or Rumensin (monensin) protected cattle gorged with grain from lactic acidosis. Both lasalocid and monensin prevented the decrease in rumen and blood pH and increase in rumen and blood lactic acid (0(-) isomer) usually associated with lactic acidosis. Lasalocid appears more effective in preventing acidosis than monensin.
Open Access
Cold-flo, Sila-bac, and Silo-Best for corn silage
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.; Riley, Jack G.
Four corn silages (41 to 46% DM) were made August 23 to 26, 1978; treatments were: 1) no additive (control), 2) 8.16 lbs of Cold-flo ammonia per ton, 3) 1.0 lb of Sila-bac per ton, and 4) 1.0 lb of Silo-Best per ton. Silos were opened after 139 days and each was full-fed to 15 heifer calves (3 pens of 5 calves) during a 112-day trial (January 12 to May 4, 1979). The complete-mixed rations contained 88% silage and 12% supplement (Table 19.1). Control silage was supplemented with soybean meal for one group of heifers and urea for another group (urea supplying 33% of the total ration crude protein equivalent). The Cold-flo silage was fed with a milo supplement with no additional crude protein added. Sila-bac and Silo-Best silages were supplemented with soybean meal.
Open Access
Ensila Plus, Sila-lator, and Silo-Guard for alfalfa silage
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.
Four alfalfa silages (34 to 37% DM) were made May 30 and 31, 1979, as follows: 1) no additive (control), 2) 3 ounces of Ensila Plus per ton, 3) 1.0 lb of Si1a-1ator per ton, and 4) 1.5 1b of Silo-Guard per ton. Silos were opened after 51 days and each was fed to 41 bred, yearling heifers (one pen of 20 and one pen of 21) during a 26-day trial (July 21 to August 16, 1979). All heifers also received 2.0 1bs daily of a grain mix that contained 200 mg of Rumensin for one pen fed each silage and no Rumensin for the other pen. The silages were full-fed so that the two pens (Rumensin or no Rumensin) receiving each silage got approximately the same quantity of feed. Ensiling temperatures, fermentation dry matter losses, and stability when exposed to air were determined for each silage.
Open Access
Silo-Guard for forage sorghum silage
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.
Two forage sorghum silages (29 to 30% DM) were made October 1 to 3, 1978; one ensiled without additive (control), the other with 1.5 lbs. of Silo-Guard added per ton of fresh crop. Silos were opened after 36 days, and each was full-fed to 15 yearling steers (3 pens of 5 steers) during a 90-day trial (November 9, 1978, to February 7, 1979). Rations contained 84% silage and 16% soybean meal supplement on a DM basis.
Open Access
Silo-Guard for corn silage
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.
Two corn silages (34 to 36% DM) were made August 4 and 5, 1976; one was ensiled without additive (control), the other with Silo-Guard added at 1.5 lbs. per ton of fresh crop. Silos were opened after 68 days, and each silage was full-fed to 15 yearling steers (3 pens of 5 steers) during a 91-day trial (October 12, 1976, to January 11, 1977). Complete-mixed rations contained 84% silage and 16% soybean meal supplement on a DM basis.
Open Access
Silo-best for corn silage
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Bolsen, K.; Riley, Jack G.
Two corn silages (37 to 38% DM) were made September 2 and 3, 1975; one was ensiled without additive (control), the other with Silo-Best added at 1.0 lb. per ton of fresh crop. Silos were opened after 36 days, and each silage was full-fed to 15 yearling steers (3 pens of 5 steers) during an 87-day trial (October 10, 1975, to January 5, 1976). Complete-mixed rations contained 86% silage and 14% soybean meal supplement on a DM basis.
Open Access
Silage additives
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.
Six commercial silage additives were evaluated in five trials with corn, forage sorghum, and alfalfa. In general, each additive improved the silage in at least one of four criteria we used for the comparisons: ensiling temperature, silage dry matter (DM) loss during fermentation, cattle performance, and silage stability in air. The additives lowered ensiling temperatures during the first week by about 5F (range, 2.7 to 9.9F). Additives consistently reduced DM lost during fermentation. Loss from five control silages averaged 10.0% compared with 4.7% from nine silages with additives. No silage additive significantly affected rate of gain or silage intake in the four trials with growing cattle. In three of six comparisons, additives increased feed efficiency slightly; but in the other three, additives decreased feed efficiency slightly. In five comparisons, additives increased aerobic stability of silages on feedout, but again in the other five, additives decreased silage aerobic stability on feedout.
Open Access
Summer annual silages and hay for growing steers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Bolsen, K.; Ilg, H.; Axe, D.; Thompson, W.
Sudangrass, pearl millet, sorghum-sudangrass, and forage sorghum silages and sorghum-sudan hay were full-fed to yearling steers in a 90-day trial. Forage sorghum was harvested in the dough stage; the other four forages, in the late-vegetative stage. Steers consumed an average of 12.5% more hay than silage the first 42 days; hay feeding was discontinued then for lack of supply. At 90 days, steers fed forage sorghum silage out-performed those fed the other three silages. Compared with forage sorghum, the other silages had relative feeding values (based on rate and efficiency of gains) of 75% for sudangrass , 62% for pearl millet, and 68% for sorghum-sudan.
Open Access
Grazing cattle on alfalfa
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Hayes, Douglas Kirk; Corah, L.; Bartley, E.E.
Data collected from six producers grazing 4050 head of cattle on 850 acres of irrigated alfalfa showed that under optimum conditions, Kansas producers can expect: stocking rate, 5 to 6 head/acre; average daily gain, 2 lbs +; total pounds of beef/acre, 1300 to 1500 lbs; and death loss below 1%. Bloat Guard 2,3 performed the best when added to a grain supplement.
Open Access
Effect of Ralgro on the performance of cull beef cows
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Corah, L.R.; Brazle, F.; Dawes, J.D.
We assigned 110 cull beef cows of mixed breeding to a control group and a group implanted with 36 mg Ralgro. Ralgro implants improved gains 12.8 lbs (11.2%) over a 59-day grazing period.
Open Access
Rumensin and drylot vs. pasture systems for early-weaned calves
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Busby, W.D.; Corah, L.R.; McKee, M.; Fink, G.; Pope, Ronald V.; rvpope
Seventy-six Polled Hereford and percentage Simmental calves were used to evaluate Rumensin and drylot vs. pasture systems by average daily gain of early-weaned (54 day old) calves. Rumensin was fed at 10 g/ton of feed for 28 days and 20 g/ton thereafter. The starter and standard creep rations were self-fed to both the drylot and pasture groups. Drylot calves outgained calves on pearl millet pasture 196 lbs to 140 lbs during the 76-day pasture trial. Rumensin decreased fecal samples containing coccidial oocytes and improved total gain 5.5% and feed efficiency 4.8%.
Open Access
Performance and forage intake of range cows as affected by mineral supplement and delaying winter supplemental feed
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-18) Pruitt, R.J.; Peischel, H.A.; Smith, E.F.; Schalles, R.R.; Owensby, Clenton E.; owensby
Polled Hereford cows on native Flint Hills pasture not supplemented until February lost more weight from November to February and were in poorer condition during the winter and early spring than cows supplemented beginning in November. But birth weights, weaning weights, conception percentages, and calving intervals were similar for both groups. Balancing for phosphorus, potassium, and copper deficiencies in the forage did not improve cow or calf performance. Forage intake ranged from 1.70% of fall body weight when dormant winter grass was low in protein and digestibility to 3.45% when spring grass was higher in protein and more digestible. Forage intake was not influenced by winter supplement program but was slightly higher when minerals were fed. Although forage consumption increased with cow size, it was not affected by level of milk production.
Open Access
Intake of milk and range forage by nursing calves
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-09) Peischel, A.; Schalles, R.R.; Owensby, Clenton E.; Smith, E.F.; owensby
Adequate milk production by the cow to promote fast gain by her calf the first three months is important for heavy weaning weights. Calves consume considerable range forage by three months of age, and milk consumption begins to decrease. As grass begins to mature in September, milk from the dam and range forage eaten by the calf (as a percentage of body weight) decrease to below recommended protein level, so gains decrease. Weaning calves and placing them on a higher nutrition level in late August or early September may be considered when continued fast gains are desired.
Open Access
Effect of various levels of Ralgro on reproductive performance of yearling heifers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-09) Corah, L.; Sprott, L.R.; Francis, G.; Kiracofe, G.
Implanting heifers at weaning time with 12, 24, or 36 mg of Ralgro did not affect reproductive performance of the heifers when bred as yearlings.
Open Access
The effects of Rumensin, protein, energy, and post-weaning illness on reproductive performance in replacement heifers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-09) Sprott, L.R.; Kiracofe, G.H.; Corah, L.R.; Riley, Jack G.
Rumensin increased the number of heifers cycling at 394 days of age and tended to decrease the weight at puberty, with no effect on conception or pregnancy. Rumensin also increased average daily gain, total weight change, and feed efficiency. Protein level had no direct effect on reproductive or heifer performance. Heifers on higher energy rations tended to cycle s09ner and be younger and lighter at puberty. Higher energy rations caused faster daily gain, more total weight change, and better feed efficiency. Post-weaning sickness had no effect on reproductive performance or growth.
Open Access
Effect of early weaning on subsequent reproduction and calf production by replacement heifers
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-09) Busby, W.D.; McKee, M.; Corah, L.R.
Analysis of breeding records for 128 percentage Simmental females either weaned early (average age 63 days) or conventionally (average age 194 days) showed no statistically significant difference between early-weaned and nursed heifer calves for subsequent conception rate, calving date, ease of calving, calf birth weight, or 205-day adjusted calf weaning weight.
Open Access
Two semen-thawing procedures compared by competitively mating beef cows
(Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, 2011-02-09) Odde, Kenneth G.; Kiracofe, G.H.; Ward, H.S.; Brethour, J.; kenodde
Seventy-five cows were used to compare the fertilizing abilities of sperm packaged in 0.5-ml straws and thawed in warm water to similarly packaged sperm thawed in the inseminating gun. A system of competitive mating provided for inseminating each cow twice. After cows had estrus synchronized, each was artificially inseminated with one straw of Angus semen plus one straw of Simmental semen; semen in one straw was thawed in warm water, the other in the inseminating gun. Calves produced indicated the fertilizing sperm. Of the 20 cows that conceived at the synchronized estrus, 16 conceived to warm water-thawed semen and 4 to semen thawed in the gun. These data indicate that sperm thawed in warm water before breeding were more capable of fertilization when tested in the same cow against sperm thawed in the inseminating gun.